Risk estimates for carcinogenic effects of radiation

Albert R. E. Shore R. E. (1986). Carcinogenic effects of radiation on the human skin. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis, pp. 335–354 ( Upton A. C. Albert R. E. Burns F. J. Shore R. E. , eds). Elsevier, New York.

Bithell J. E. Stiller C. A. (1988). A new calculation of the carcinogenic risk of obstetrics x-raying. Stat. Med. 8, 857–864.

Boice J. D. Jr. Day N. E. Andersen A. Brinton L. A. Brown R. Choi N. W. Clarke E. A. Coleman M. P. Curtis R. E. Flannery J. T. Hakama M. Hakulinen T. Howe G. R. Jensen O. M. Kleinerman R. A. Magnin D. Magnus M. Makela K. Malker B. Miller A. B. Nelson N. Patterson C. C. Petterssen F. Pompe-Kirn V. Primic-Zakelj M. Prior R. Ravnihar R. Skeet R. G. Skjerven J. E. Smith P. G. Sok M. Spengler R. F. Storm H. H. Stovall M. Tomkins G. W. O. Wall C. (1985). Second cancers following radiation treatment for cervical cancer. An international collaboration among cancer registries. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 74, 95–975.

Boice J. D. Jr. Blettner M. Kleinerman A. Stovall M. Moloney W. C. Engholm G. Austin D. F. Bosch A. Cookfair D. L. Krementz E. T. Latourette H. B. Peters L. J. Schulz M. D. Lundell M. Pettersson F. Storm H. H. Bell C. M. J. Coleman M. P. Fraser P. Palmer M. Prior P. Choi N. W. Hislop T. G. Koch M. Robb D. Robson D. Spengler R. F. von Fournler D. Frischkorn R. Lochmüller H. Pompe-Kirn V. Rimpela A. Kjorstad K. Pejovic M. H. Sigurdsson K. Pisani P. Kucera H. Hutchison G. B. (1987). Radiation dose and leukemia risk in patients treated for cancer of the cervix. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 79, 1295–1311.

Coleman C. N. (1982). Secondary neoplasms in patients treated for cancer: etiology and perspective. Radiat. Res. 92, 188–200.

Cross F. T. Palmer R. F. Filipy R. E. Dagle G. E. Stuart B. O. (1982). Carcinogenic effects of radon daughters, uranium ore dust and cigarette smoke in beagle dogs. Health Phys. 42, 33–52.

Darby S. C. Nakashima E. Kato H. (1985). A parallel analysis of cancer mortality among atomic bomb survivors and patients with ankylosing spondylitis given x-ray therapy. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 75, 1–21.

Darby S. C. Doll R. Gill S. K. Smith P. G. (1987). Long-term mortality after a single treatment course with x-rays in patients treated for ankylosing spondylitis. Brit. J. Cancer 55, 179–190.

Fry R. J. M. Ullrich R. L. (1986). Combined effects of radiation and other agents. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis, pp. 437–454 ( Upton A. C. Albert R. E. Burns F. J. Shore R. E. , eds). Elsevier, New York.

Fry R. J. M. Charles M. W. Gesell T. F. Hopewell J. W. Shore R. E. (1991). Report of ICRP Task Group on Risk Estimates for the Skin. ICRP, to be published.

Gilbert E. (1985). Late somatic effects. In: Health Effects Model for Nuclear Power Plant Accident Consequence Analysis. Part I. Introduction, Integration, and Summary; Part II. Scientific Basis for Health Effects Models, pp. II-89–II-138. NUREG/CR-4212.

Greene M. H. (1984). Interaction between radiotherapy and chemotherapy in human leukaemogenesis. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

Harvey E. B. Boice J. D. Honeyman M. Jr. Flannery J. T. (1985). Prenatal x-ray exposure and childhood cancer in twins. N. Engl. J. Med. 312, 541–545.

Holm L.-E. Wiklund K. E. Lundell G. E. Bergman N. A. Bjelkengren G. Aderquist E. S. Ericsson U.-B. C. Larsson L.-G. Lidberg M. E. Wicklund H. V. Boice J.D. Jr. (1988). Thyroid cancer after diagnostic doses of iodine-131: a retrospective cohort study. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80, 1132–1138.

Hrubec Z. Boice J. Monson R. Rosenstein M. (1989). Breast cancer after multiple chest fluoroscopies: Second follow-up of Massachusetts women with tuberculosis. Cancer Res. 49, 229–234.

ICRP (1977). Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication No. 26. Annals of the ICRP 1(3). Pergamon Press, Oxford.

ICRP (1991). 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection , ICRP Publication No. 60. Annals of the ICRP 21(1–3). Pergamon Press, Oxford.

ICRU (1986). The Quality Factor in Radiation Protection, ICRU Report 40. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Bethesda, MD.

Knudson A. G. (1985). Hereditary cancer, oncogenes, and multistep carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 45, 1437–1443.

Land C. E. Sinclair W. K. (1991). The relative contributions of different organ sites to the total cancer mortality associated with low-dose radiation exposure. Annals of the ICRP 22(1), 31–57.

Lewis C. A. Smith P. G. Stratton I. Darby S. C. Doll R. (1988). Estimated radiation doses to different organs among patients treated for ankylosing spondylitis with a single course of x-rays. Brit. J. Radiol. 61, 212–220.

Mays C. W. Speiss H. (1984). Bone sarcomas in patients given radium-224. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, pp. 241–252 ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

Meadows A. T. Baum E. Fossati-Bellani F. Green D. Jenkin R. D. Marsden B. Nesbit M. Newton W. Oberlin O. Sallan S. G. Siegel S. Strong L. C. Voute P. A. (1985). Second malignant neoplasms in children: an update from the late effects study group. J. Clin. Oncol. 3, 532–538.

Miller A. B. Howe G. R. Sherman G. J. Lindsay J. P. Yaffe M. J. Dinner P. J. Risch H. A. Preston D. L. (1989). Mortality from breast cancer after irradiation during fluoroscopic examinations in patients being treated for tuberculosis. New Engl. J. Med. 321, 1285–1289.

Modan B. (1991). Low dose radiation epidemiological studies: An assessment of methodological problems and the significance of their implementation for risk assessment. Annals of the ICRP 22(1), 59–73.

Modan B. Alfandary E. Chetrit A. Katz L. (1989). Increased risk of breast cancer after low-dose irradiation. Lancet i, 629–630.

Mole R. H. (1974). Antenatal irradiation and childhood cancer. Causation or coincidence. Brit. J. Cancer 30, 199–208.

Mole R. H. (1990). Childhood cancer after prenatal exposure to diagnostic x-ray examinations in Britain. Brit. J. Cancer 62, 152–158.

Monson R. R. MacMahon B. (1984). Prenatal x-ray exposure and cancer in children. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, pp. 97–105 ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

NAS/BEIR (1980). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Committee on Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR III). The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation. United States National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council. National Academic Press, Washington, D.C..

NAS/BEIR (1988). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council. Health Risks of Radon and other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters. Advisory Committee on the Biological effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR IV). National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C..

NAS/BEIR (1990). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council. Committee on Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V). National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C..

NCRP (1980). National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Influence of Dose and its Distribution in Time on Dose-Response Relationships for Low-LET Radiations. NCRP Report 64, NCRP, Washington, D.C..

NCRP (1985). National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Induction of Thyroid Cancer by Ionizing Radiation. NCRP Report 80, NCRP, Bethesda, MD.

NCRP (1990). National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. The Relative Biological Effectiveness of Radiations of Different Quality. NCRP Report 104, NCRP, Bethesda, MD.

Preston D. L. Pierce D. A. (1988). The effect of changes in dosimetry on cancer mortality risk estimates in the atomic bomb survivors. Radiat. Res. 114, 437–466.

Preston D. L. Kato H. Kopecky K. J. Fugita S. (1987). Life Span Study Report 10, Part 1, Cancer mortality among A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1950–1982. RERF TR 4–86, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima.

Reimer R. R. Hoover R. Fraumeni J.F. Jr. Young R. C. (1978). Second primary neoplasms following ovarian cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 61, 1195–1197.

Ron E. Modan B. (1984). Thyroid and other neoplasms following childhood scalp irradiation. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, pp. 139–151 ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

Shimizu Y. Kato H. Schull W. J. (1988). Life Span Study Report 11, Part II: Cancer mortality in the years 1950–1985 based on the recently revised doses (DS86). RERF TR 5–88.

Shimizu Y. Kato H. Schull W. J. (1990). Studies of the Mortality of A-bomb Survivors. 9, Mortality, 1950–1985: Part 2. Cancer mortality based on the recently revised doses (DS86). Radiat. Res. 121, 120–141.

Shore R. E. Woodard E. Hildreth N. Dvoretsky P. Hempelmann L. Pasternack B. (1985). Thyroid tumours following thymus irradiation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 74, 1177–1184.

Shore R. E. Hildreth N. Woodard E. L. Dvoretsky P. Hempelmann L. Pasternack B. (1986). Breast cancer among women given x-ray therapy for acute postpartum mastitis. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 77, 689–696.

Smith P. G. Doll R. (1981). Mortality from cancer and all causes among British radiologists. Brit. J. Radiol. 54, 187–194.

Storer J. B. Mitchell T. J. Fry R. J. M. (1988). Extrapolation of the relative risk of radiogenic neoplasms across mouse strains to man. Radiat. Res. 114, 331–353.

Strong L. C. (1977). Theories of pathogenesis: mutation and cancer. In: Genetics of Human Cancer, pp. 401–414 ( Mulvihill J. J. Miller R. W. Fraumeni J. J. Jr. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

Swift M. Reitnauer P. J. Morrell D. Chase C. L. (1987). Breast and other cancers in families with ataxia-telangectasia. New Engl. J. Med. 316, 1289–1294.

Tokunaga M. Land C. E. Yamamoto T. Asano M. Tokuoka S. Ezaki H. Nishimori I. Fujikura T. (1984). Breast cancer among atomic bomb survivors. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, pp. 45–56 ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

Tokunaga M. Land C. E. Yamamoto T. Asano M. Tokuoka S. Ezaki H. Nishimori I. (1987). Incidence of female breast cancer among atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1950–1985. Radiat. Res. 112, 243–272.

Tucker M. A. Meadows A. T. Boice J. D. Jr. Hoover R. N. Fraumeni J.F. Jr. (1984). (for the Late Effects Study Group). Cancer risk following treatment of childhood cancer. In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology and Biological Significance, pp. 211–224 ( Boice J. D. Fraumeni J. F. , eds). Raven Press, New York.

UNSCEAR (1977). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Report to the General Assembly, with Annexes, United Nations, New York.

UNSCEAR (1982). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Ionizing Radiation: Sources and Biological Effects. Report to the General Assembly, with Annexes, United Nations, New York.

UNSCEAR (1986). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Genetic and Somatic Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Report to the General Assembly, with Annexes, United Nations, New York.

UNSCEAR (1988). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources, Effects, and Risks of Ionizing Radiation. Report to the General Assembly, Official Records, Session, Suppl. No., United Nations, New York.

Upton A. C. (1987). Biological basis of radiological protection and its application to risk assessment. Brit. J. Radiol. 6, 1–16.

US DHHS (1989). Cancer Statistics Review 1973–86, Including a Report on the Status of Cancer Control, 1989. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, PHS, NIH, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, NIH Publication 89-2789.

Whittemore A. S. McMillan A. (1983). Cancer mortality among US uranium miners: a reappraisal. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 71, 489–499.

Yoshimoto Y. Kato H. Schull W. J. (1988). Risk of cancer among in utero children exposed to A-bomb radiation: 1950–1984. Lancet ii, 665–669.