Much of the nursing research related to clients diagnosed with dementia has focused on management of disruptive behaviors, safety, and basic sustenance with little attention to the higher level developmental needs of love, belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization, and aesthetics. As nurses seek to understand the links between cognitive, functional, and developmental decline and focus interventions on meeting the higher level needs of their clients, they can provide more comprehensive care and promote quality of life for clients diagnosed with dementia.
References
1.
American Association of Geriatric Psychiatry. (n.d.). Alzheimer’s and dementia fact sheet. Retrieved February 25, 2001, from http://www.aagpgpa.org/p_c/demetia.asp
2.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4th ed., text revision). Washington DC: Author.
3.
American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA). (2001). American Psychiatric Nurses Association position statement on the use of seclusion and restraint. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 7, 130-133.
4.
Bowlby, C. (1993). Therapeutic activities with person’s disabled by Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. Gaitherburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc.
5.
Brod, M., Stewart, A., Sands, L., & Walton, P. (1999). Conceptualization and measurement of quality of life in dementia: The Dementia Quality of Life Instrument (DQuality of Life). The Gerontologist, 39, 25-35.
6.
Castle, N., Fogel, B., & Mor, V. (1997). Risk factors for physical restraints use in nursing homes. The Gerontologist, 37, 737-747.
7.
Erikson, E. (1985). Childhood and society (3rd ed.) New York: Norton and Company.
8.
George, J. (2002). Nursing theories: The base for professional nursing practice (5th ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
9.
Haber, J., Krainovich-Miller, B., Leach-McMahon, A., & Price-Hoskins, P. (1997). Comprehensive psychiatric nursing (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
10.
Hall, G. (1994). Managing people with Alzheimer’s disease using the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold Conceptual Model. Nursing Clinics of North America, 29, 129-142.
11.
Hall, G. (1999). When traditional care falls short: Caring for people with atypical presentations of cortical dementia. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 25(2), 22-32.
12.
Hall, G., & Buckwalter, K.C. (1987). Progressively lowered stress threshold: A conceptual model for planning and evaluating care of the client with Alzheimer’s disease. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 1, 399-406.
13.
Kolanowski. (1995). Disturbing behaviors in demented elders: A concept synthesis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 9, 188-194.
14.
Maslow, A. (1970). Motivation and personality (2nd ed.). New York: Harper and Row.
15.
Peplau, H. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5, 13-18.
16.
Peplau, H. (1952). Interpersonal relations in nursing. New York: Putnam.
17.
Reisberg, B, Ferris, S., Leon, M., & Cook, T. (1982). The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of dementia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 1136-1139.
18.
Sansone, P., & Schmitt, L. (2000). Providing tender touch massage to elderly nursing home residents: A demonstration project. Geriatric Nursing, 21, 303-308.
19.
Selai, C., & Trimble, M. (1999). Assessing quality of life in dementia. Aging and Mental Health, 3, 101-121.
20.
Snyder, M., & Lindquist, R. (1998). Complementary/alternative therapies in nursing (3rd ed.). New York: Springer Publishing.
21.
Stuart, G., & Laraia, M. (2001). Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
22.
Vittoria, A. (1998). Preserving selves. Research on Aging, 20(1), 91-137.
23.
Watson, J. (1996). Watson’s theory of transpersonal caring. In P.H. Walker & Neuman (Eds.), Blueprint for use of nursing models: Education, research, practice, and administration (pp. 141-184) (Publication No. 14-2696). New York: National League for Nursing Press.
24.
Woodrow, P. (1998). Interventions for confusion and dementia. 1: Quality of life. British Journal of Nursing, 7, 891-894.
