Abstract
To measure the effects of different working instruments and holmium laser fibers on the deflectability in a variety of actively deflectable flexible endoscopes, a benchtop study was performed. The endoscopes studied were the Storz 7.5 flexible ureteroscope, the AUR-7 and AUR-9 flexible ureteroscopes (Circon-ACMI), a prototype Mitsubishi flexible ureteroscope (Mitsubishi Optics, Inc.), the ACN flexible cystoscope (Circon-ACMI), and the Storz flexible cystoscope. Working instruments included 1.6F (Wolf) and 1.9F (Microvasive) electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) probes, 1.9F two-prong graspers and Bagley baskets, 2.4F Segura and helical baskets (Microvasive), 3.0F Segura basket, and 200- and 365-μm holmium laser fibers (Xintec). In ureteroscopes, the effect of 1.6F and 1.9F EHL probes ranged from having no effect in the Xintec 6,000, to decreasing deflection by 30° in the AUR-7. Working instruments that were 2.4F or greater reduced deflection from 33° to 93°. Better deflectability was noted with the 200-μm holmium laser fiber than with the 365-μm fiber. The diameter of the working instrument did not affect deflectability as severely in cystoscopes. No significant differences in deflection existed between the 365-μm and 200-μm fibers in the flexible nephroscopes tested. In general, working instruments less than 2.4F and the 200-μm laser fiber have little effect on deflectability compared with working instruments 2.4F or larger and the 365-μm fiber. Flexible cystoscopes, with their larger working channels and stronger deflection cables, are affected less by working instrument diameter than are flexible ureteroscopes.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.