A Validation Study Using the Case-Control Method of the Nursing Diagnosis High Risk for Aspiration

PURPOSE. To develop further the nursing diagnosis risk for aspiration by determining risk factors present in patients who aspirated.

METHODS. The case-control design was used to compare cases (n = 131) and controls (n = 206) on past and present exposures thought to be risk factors for aspiration. Data were analyzed using univariate and multiple logistic regression.

FINDINGS. The following risk factors were statistically significant and comprise the final model: altered level of consciousness, metoclopramide (known to accelerate gastric emptying), vomiting, seizures, and unable to change own position.

CONCLUSIONS. The risk factors of altered level of consciousness and delayed gastric emptying are currently included in the NANDA taxonomy for the nursing diagnosis risk for aspiration. These risk factors are not included in the taxonomy: vomiting, seizures, and unable to change own position. Results of the study have been submitted to the Diagnosis Review Committee for consideration to further develop this diagnosis.