3. Anatomy,Cell Biology,and Pathology

Sadé J Shatz A Luntz M Fuchs C . The eustachian tube muscles in otitis media. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1988: 105: 543–8.

Ruah CB Schachern PA Zelterman D Paparella MM Yoon TH . Age-related morphologic changes in the human tympanic membrane. A light and electron microscopic study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991; 117: 627–34.

Sadler-Kimes D Siegel ML Todhunter JS . Age-related morphologic differences in the components of the eustachian tube/middle ear system. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98: 854–8.

Kitajiri M Sando I Takahara T . Postnatal development of the eustachian tube and its surrounding structures. Preliminary study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1987; 96: 191–8.

Luntz M Sando I . Growth of the eustachian tube lumen with age. Am J Otolaryngol 1988; 9: 195–6.

Luntz M Sadé J . The eustachian tube growth with age. The proceedings of the Conference on the Eustachian Tube and Middle Ear Diseases. Eur Arch Oto-Rhinol-Laryngol 1990: 247.

Sadé J Wolfson S Sachs Z Levit I Abraham S . The infant's eustachian tube lumen: the pharyngeal part. J Laryngol Otol 1986; 100: 129–34.

Swarts JD Rood SR . The adult eustachian tube: morphometry and three-dimensional structure — implications for function. Cleft Palate J 1990; 27: 374–81.

Luntz M Pitashny R Sadé J . Cartilage in the bony portion of the eustachian tube. The proceedings of the Conference on the Eustachian Tube and Middle Ear Diseases. Eur Arch Oto-Rhinol-Laryngol 1990; 247: 56–9.

Yamaguchi N Sando I Hashida Y Takahashi H Matsune S . Histological study of eustachian tube cartilage with and without congenital anomalies: a preliminary study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99: 984–7.

Matsune S Sando I Takahashi H . Abnormalities of lateral cartilaginous lamina and lumen of eustachian tube in cases of cleft palate. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991; 100: 909–13.

Matsune S Sando I Takahashi H . Elastin at the hinge portion of the eustachian tube cartilage in specimens from normal subjects and those with cleft palate. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1992; 101: 163–7.

Matsune S Sando I Takahashi H . Distributions of eustachian tube goblet cells and glands in children with and without otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1992; 101: 750–4.

Sando I Takahashi H Matsune S . Update on functional anatomy and pathology of human eustachian tube related to otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1991; 24: 795–811.

Sando I Takagi A Takahashi H . Computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement of temporal bone structures. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98(supp1 143): 35–8.

Matsune S Sando I Takahashi H . Insertion of the tensor veli palatini muscle into the eustachian tube cartilage in cleft palate cases. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991; 100: 439–46.

Shibahara Y Sando I . Histopathological study of eustachian tube in cleft palate patients. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97: 403–8.

Fujiyoshi T Watanabe T Mogi G . Three-dimensional images of the temporal bone and experimental otitis media in Japanese monkeys. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 116: 813–9.

Holliday RA Reede DL . MRI of mastoid and middle ear diseases. Radiol Clin North Am 1989; 27: 283–99.

Chan KH Swarts JD Doyle WJ Wolf GL . Assessment of middle-ear status during experimental otitis media using magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991; 117: 91–5.

Kenna MA Casselbrant ML Doyle WJ Seroky J Swarts JD . A primate model of chronic suppurative otitis media. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 219–20.

Phillips DE Maw AR Harvey K . The nasopharynx and adenoid in children with glue ear compared with normal controls. Clin Otolaryngol 1987; 12: 255–60.

Brown PM Lewis GT Parker AJ Maw AR . The skull base and nasopharynx in Down's syndrome in relation to hearing impairment Clin Otolaryngol 1989;14: 241–6.

Stolovitzky JP Todd NW . Head shape and abnormal appearance of tympanic membranes. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 102: 322–5.

Todd NW Martin WS . Relationship of eustachian tube bony landmarks and temporal bone pneumatization. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97: 277–80.

Aoki K Esaki S Honda Y Tos M . Effect of middle ear infection on pneumatization and growth of the mastoid process. An experimental study in pigs. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1990; 110: 399–409.

Nakano Y Sato Y . Prognosis of otitis media with effusion in children, and size of the mastoid air cell system. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 1990(suppl 471): 56–61.

Paparella MM Schachern PA Goycoolea MV . Multiple otopathologic disorders. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97: 14–8.

Schachern PA Shea DA Paparella MM Yoon TH . Otologic histopathology of Fabry's disease. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98: 359–63.

Yoon TK Paparella MM Schachern PA Lindgren BR . Morphometric studies of the continuum of otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99(supp1 148): 23–7.

Paparella MM Goycoolea MV Bassiouni M Koutroupas S . Silent otitis media: clinical applications. Laryngoscope 1986; 96: 978–85.

Abdelhamid MM Paparella MM Schachern PA Yoon TH . Histopathology of the tensor tympani muscle in otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1990; 248: 71–8.

Yoon TH Schachern PA Paparella MM Aeppli DM . Pathology and pathogenesis of tympanic retraction. Am J Otolaryngol 1990; 11: 10–7.

Paparella MM . Interactions between the middle ear and inner ear. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 1988(suppl 457): 9–24.

Paparella MM . Labyrinthitis. In: Collins MJ Glattke TJ Harker LA , eds. Sensorineural hearing loss — mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment. The Reger Conference. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, 1986.

Sahni RS Paparella MM Schachern PA Goycoolea MV Le CT . Thickness of human round window membrane. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987; 113: 630–4.

Schachern PA Paparella MM Goycoolea MV Duvall AJ Choo YT . The permeability of the round window membrane during otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987; 113: 625–9.

Schachern PA Paparella MM Goycoolea MV . Experimental grafting of the round window membrane: Part I. Laryngoscope 1987; 97: 790–6.

Paparella MM Goycoolea MV Sajjachi H Schachern PA . Current clinical and pathological features of round window diseases. Laryngoscope 1987; 97: 1151–60.

Goycoolea MV Muchow D Schachern P . Experimental studies on round window structures: function and permeability. Laryngoscope 1988; 98(supp1 44).

Sahni RS Paparella MM Schachern PA Goycoolea MV Le CT . Thickness of the human round window membrane in different forms of otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987; 113: 630–4.

Keithley EM Ryan AF Harris JP . Role of the round window membrane in middle ear immune responses. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 1988(suppl 457): 139–43.

Ikeda I Masafumi S Morizono T Juhn SK . Permeability of the round window membrane to middle-sized molecules in purulent otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 116: 57–60.

Morizono T Giebink GS Paparella MM Sikora MA Shea DS . Sensorineural hearing loss in experimental purulent otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;98: 980–7.

Suzuki M Kawauchi H Fujiyoshi T Mogi G . Round window membrane and perilymph in experimental otitis media with effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98: 980–7.

Schachern PA Paparella MM Yoon TH Sano S Giebink GS Duvall AJ . The permeability of the inner ear to Streptococcus pneumoniae. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Thirteenth Midwinter Research Meeting, Association for Research in Otolaryngology, Ft Lauderdale, Fla: 1990: 34.

Sadé J Luntz M . Eustachian tube lumen: comparison between normal and inflamed specimens. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98: 630–4.

Luntz M Levit I Sadé J . The histological continuum between healthy and diseased middle ears. In: The proceedings of the Conference on the Eustachian Tube and Middle Ear Diseases. Eur Arch Oto-Rhinol-Laryngol 1990: 247.

Sando I Takahashi H . Otitis media in association with various congenital diseases. Preliminary study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99(supp1 148): 13–6.

Yamaguchi N Sando I Hashida Y Takahashi H Myers EN . Histopathologic study of otitis media in individuals with head and neck tumors. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99: 827–32.

Takahara T Sando I Bluestone CD Myers EN . Lymphoma invading the anterior eustachian tube. Temporal bone histopathology of functional tubal obstruction. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1986; 95: 101–5.

Jung TTK Park YM Schlund D . Effect of prostaglandin, leukotriene, and arachidonic acid on experimental otitis media with effusion in chinchillas. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99(supp1 148): 28–32.

Rhee CK Jung TTK Miller SK Weeks D . Platelet activating factor-induced experimental otitis media with effusion and PAF-inhibitor in chinchillas. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 213–4.

Hozawa K Yoshida S Takasaka T . Functional morphology of mucous blanket in the eustachian tube. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 46.

Ueno K Lim DJ . Heterogeneity of glycoconjugates in the secretory cells of the chinchilla middle ear and eustachian tubal epithelia: alectin-gold cytochemical study. J Histochem Cytochem 1991; 39: 71–80.

Carpenter AM Muchow D Goycoolea MV . Ultrastructural studies of the human round window membrane. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989; 115: 585–90.

Schachem PA Paparella MM Goycoolea VM Duvall AJ Choo YB . The permeability of the round window membrane during otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987; 113: 625–9.

Sakagami M Harada T Juhn SK Duvall AJ Matsunaga T . Uptake of horseradish peroxidase by the middle ear mucosa in experimentally induced otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1990; 248: 113–8.

Hellström S Johansson U Anniko M . Structure of the round window membrane. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] (Stockh) 1989(suppl 457): 33–42.

Kim CS Cho TK Jinn TH . Permeability of the round window membrane to horseradish peroxidase in experimental otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 103: 918–25.

Goldie P Hellström S . Identification and characterization of middle ear vascular leakage sites in experimental otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99: 810–6.

Van Blitterswijk CA Hesseling SC Grote JJ . The effect of external stimuli on cultured rat middle ear epithelium. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1990; 109: 101–10.

Ohashi Y Nakai Y Ohno Y Sugiura S Okamoto H . The role of influenza A in endotoxin-induced otitis media with effusion. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Ha, 1991: 209.

Zhong GY . Ultrastructural changes in middle ear and cochlea caused by respiratory syncytial virus in guinea pigs. Chin J Otolaryngol 1990; 25: 213–5.

Yaginuma Y Hozawa K Takasaka T . Morphopathology of tympanic membrane — in vivo and in vitro. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 198.

Yeger H Minaker E Charles D Rubin A Sturgess JM . Abnormalities of cilia in the middle ear in chronic otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97: 186–91.

Inagaki M Sakakura Y Shimizu T Majima Y Ukai K . Ultrastructure of mucous blanket in otitis media with effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97: 313–7.

Kiroglu F Kaya M Özsahinoglu C Soylu L Polat S . Changes of middle ear mucosa in secretory otitis media treated with ventilation tubes. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1990; 110: 266–73.

Jung TTK DuBose D Penner G . Ciliary abnormality of eustachian tube in the pathogenesis of radiation induced otitis media. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 60–1.

Panossian D Jung TTK Weeks D . Effect of the radioprotector WR2721 on irradiation-induced injury to ciliated cells of eustachian tube. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1992; 101: 395–402.

Ueno K Lim DJ . Glycoconjugates in the chinchilla tubotympanum: a lectin-gold cytochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem 1991; 39: 71–80.

Vennix PPCA Kuijpers W Tonnaer ELCM Peters TA Ramaekers FCS . Cytokeratins in induced epidermoid formations and cholesteatoma lesions. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 116: 560–5.

Vennix PPCA Kuijpers W Tonnaer ELGM Peters TA Ramaekers FCS . Immunohistochemical study of cytokeratin expression in normal and pathologic middle ear mucosa of the rat. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99: 998–1004.

Broekaert D Cornille A Eto H . A comparative immunohistochemical study of cytokeratin and vimentin expression in middle ear mucosa and cholesteatoma, and in epidermis. Virchows Arch [A] 1988; 413: 39–57.

Van Blitterswijk CA Grote JJ Lutgert RW . Cytokeratin patterns of tissues related to cholesteatoma pathogenesis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989; 98: 635–40.

Goldie P Hellstrom S Forsgren S . Neuropeptides in intact and denervated tympanic membranes. An immunohistofluorescence study in the rat. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1989; 246: 183–9.

Sameshima A Chung JK Hanamure Y Ohyama M . Immunohistochemical study of substance P and calcitonin-gene related peptide in the eustachian tube of Japanese monkeys. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 58–9.

Watanabe T Kawauchi H Mogi G . Mast cells and neuropeptides in the tubotympanum. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 79–80.

DeMaria TF Hansen E Lim DJ . Localization of nontypeable Haemophilus endotoxin in the inner ear during acute otitis media. In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 147.

Iino Y Toriyama M Kanegasaki S Siga J . Does endotoxin injected in middle ear penetrate into inner ear? In: Lim DJ , ed. Abstracts of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, Ft Lauderdale, Fla, 1991: 144.