The number of young African American men ages 18 to 35 in the District of Columbia under criminal justice supervision—in prison or jail, probation or parole, out on bond or being sought on a warrant—was compared to U.S. census data for the district. It was found that virtually half (49.9 percent) of that population was under justice control on any given day in early 1997.
References
1.
Ambrosio, Tara-Jen
and Vincent Schiraldi. 1997. Trading Classrooms for Cell Blocks: Destructive Policies Eroding D.C. Communities. Washington, DC: Justice Policy Institute.
2.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1987. Correctional Populations in the United States 1985. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
3.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1993. Highlights from 20 Years of Surveying Crime Victims: The National Crime Victimization Survey, 1973-92. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
4.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1995. Prisoners in 1994. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
5.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1996a. Probation and Parole Population Reaches Almost 3.8 Million. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
6.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1996b. Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 1995. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
7.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1997a. Correctional Populations in the United States 1995. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
8.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1997b. Lifetime Likelihood of Going to State or Federal Prison. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
9.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
. 1997c. Prisoners in 1996. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
D.C. Department of Corrections
. 1997. Office of Planning and Analysis, Demographic Characteristics of the Incarcerated Population—DCDC First Quarter FY 1997. Washington, DC: Department of Corrections.
12.
Donziger, Steven R.
, ed. 1996. The Real War on Crime: The Report of the National Criminal Justice Commission. New York: HarperCollins.
13.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
. 1996. Crime in the United States, 1995. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
14.
Mauer, Mark
. 1997. Intended and Unintended Consequences: State Racial Disparities in Imprisonment. Washington, DC: The Sentencing Project.
15.
Mauer, Mark
and Tracy Huling. 1995. Young African American Americans and the Criminal Justice System: Five Years Later. Washington, DC: The Sentencing Project.
16.
Miller, Jerome G.
1992. Hobbling a Generation: African American Males in the District of Columbia's Criminal Justice System. Washington, DC: National Center on Institutions and Alternatives.
17.
Miller, Jerome G.
1996. Search and Destroy: African American Males in the Criminal Justice System. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
18.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency
. 1996. Crime and Justice Trends in the District of Columbia, July 1996. Washington, DC: District of Columbia Government, Office of Grants Management and Development.
19.
U.S. Bureau of the Census
. 1994. Population Projections for States, by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1993 to 2020. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
20.
U.S. Sentencing Commission
. 1995. Special Report to Congress: Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
