Abstract
This collection of essays provides valuable resources and insightful discussions concerning paratextual features currently at the forefront of research. Following Chapter 1, where Porter critically examines the notion of ‘paratext,’ the subsequent twelve chapters explore various paratextual features, including punctuation (Chapter 2), Sahidic intermarginal signs (Chapter 3), Nomina Sacra (Chapter 4), textual segmentation (Chapter 5), subscription (Chapter 6, 7 and 8), markers for composite citations (Chapter 9), scribal design for shorter lines (Chapter 10), Ekthesis (Chapter 11), miniature codices (Chapter 12), and marginalia in Greek papyri (Chapter 13).
This volume offers data-rich foundational works for specific areas of study, with Chapters 3, 7, 8, and 13 standing out in particular. For instance, Chapters 7 and 8 present a comprehensive collation of subscriptions to 1 and 2 Timothy found in extant manuscripts (pp. 187-190; 206-211).
Furthermore, this collection is highly relevant for a broader readership as it demonstrates how knowledge of these ancient documents directly contributes to exegesis. In Chapter 2, Förster reassesses punctuation marks in critical editions in light of early manuscripts, unveiling overlooked alternative interpretations masked by modern editorial decisions. Likewise, in Chapter 5, Solomon highlights how ancient textual division can significantly influence interpretation, drawing on five passages from the Pauline corpus. For example, a division in 1 Corinthians 14:33-34 attested by early Pauline manuscripts, which differs from that in NA28, could support the case that the comment ‘women should be silent’ is not a universal instruction (pp. 137-139). In Chapter 6, Varner presents compelling evidence from a sample of four hundred papyri letters, arguing that Paul’s reference to his ‘large letters’ in Galatians 6:11 can be adequately explained by a common epistolary practice of subscription, rather than the anachronistic explanations often proposed by modern commentators (p. 168).
Moreover, the volume addresses under-appreciated research questions, particularly by Yoon in Chapter 11, who discusses how modern readers should interpret ancient textual divisions, especially those marked by Ekthesis. Yoon argues that this ‘ancient paragraphing’ aligns with the modern linguistic notion of ‘paragraph,’ a view also suggested previously by Porter (2009). While both works effectively address a significant knowledge gap, they are limited to test passages in a single codex. Yoon’s conclusion should not be generalised until a more comprehensive study across various manuscripts is conducted.
As these studies advance the understanding of scribal practices behind the paratextual features, they also present challenges for future critical editions and translations. For instance, Bokedal advocates for retaining Nomina Sacra in published Bibles (p. 122). Would this be feasible, and if so, which system among the diverse manuscript traditions should be adopted? Similarly, as Förster supports a more restrictive use of punctuation in critical texts (p. 35), others have shown editorial paragraphing poses similar interpretive problems (pp. 301-303). Is a restriction on paragraphing realistic, or should editors reconsider how much ancient paragraphing from the manuscripts should be reflected, as seen in the efforts of THGNT? This collection of essays, along with the subsequent research it inspires, will continue to compel editors to respond to this wealth of new information.