62 boys and girls enrolled in Grades 4 through 9 participated in the study. The correlations were significant and ranged from .44 to –- .83 between scores on all facets of a modified version of Beck's Depression Inventory and the Culture-free Self-esteem Inventory for Children, Form A.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BattleJ.The relationship between self-esteem and depression. Psychological Reports, 1978, 42, 745–746.
2.
BattleJ.The relationship between self-esteem and depression among high school students. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1980, 51, 157–158.
3.
BattleJ.Culture-free Self-esteem Inventories for Children and Adults.Seattle, WA: Special Child Publ., 1981
4.
BattleJ.Enhancing self-esteem and achievement.Seattle, WA: Special Child Publ., 1982
5.
BattleJ.Psychopathological conditions of children and youth.Seattle, WA: Special Publ., 1986
6.
BattleJ.9 to 19: crucial years for self-esteem in children and youth.Seattle, WA: Special Child Publ., 1987
7.
BeakA. T., and BeamesderferA.Assessment of depression: Depression Inventory- In PichotP. (Ed.), Psychological measurement in psychopharmacology: modern problems in pharmapsychiatry.Basel: Karger, 1974. Vol. 7. Pp. 151–169.
8.
BibringE.The mechanism of depression. In GreenacreP. (Ed.), Affective disorders, psychoanalytic contribution to their study.New York: International Universities Press, 1953
9.
KashaniJ. R., HusainA., ShekimW. O., HodgesK. K., CytrynL., and McKnewD. H.Current perspectives on childhood depression: an overview. Amend Journal of Psychiatry, 1981, 138, 143–152.
10.
KovacsM., FeinbergT. C., Crouse-NovakM. A., PaulauskasS. L., and FinkelsteinR.Depressive disorders in childhood: I. A longitudinal pospective study of characteristics and recovery. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1984, 41, 229–237.
11.
LefkowitzM. M., and BurtonN.Childhood depression: a critique of the concept. Psychological Bulletin, 1978, 85, 716–726.
12.
McConvilleB. J., BoagL. C., and PurohitA. P.Three types of childhood depression. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 1973, 18, 133–138.
13.
PäänänenN. R.Incidence and characteristics of depression in late childhood: an exploratory study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univer. of AlbertaEdmonton, Alberta, 1983
14.
PhilipsI.Childhood depression: interpersonal interactions and depressive phenomena. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1979, 136, 511–515.
15.
RieH. E.Depression in childhood: a survey of some pertinent contributions. American Academy of Child Psychiatry Journal, 1966, 5, 653–685.
16.
RutterM., IzardC. E., and ReadP. B.Depression in young children: developmental and clinical perspectives.New York: Guilford, 1986
17.
SandlerJ., and JoffW. G.Notes on childhood depression. International Journal of Psychoanalysis1965, 46, 88–96.