Antioxidant Intake in the U.S

Ames B.N. 1989. Endogenous oxidative DNA damage, aging, and cancer. Free Rad. Res. Comms. 7: 121–128.

Block G. 1991. Vitamin C and cancer prevention: The epidemiologic evidence. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53: 270S–282S.

Block G. , Cox C. , Madans J. , Schreiber G.B. , Licitra L. , and Melia N. 1988. Vitamin supplement use, by demographic characteristics. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127: 297–309.

Block G. , and Sorenson A. 1987. Vitamin C intake and dietary sources by demographic characteristics. Nutr. Cancer 10: 53–65.

Block G. , and Subar A.F. 1992. Estimates of nutrient intake from a food frequency questionnaire: The 1987 National Health Interview Survey. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 92: 969–977.

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Block G. , Woods M. , Potosky A. , and Clifford C. 1990. Validation of a self-administered diet history questionnaire using multiple diet records. J. Clin. Epidemiol 43: 1327–1335.

Frei B. , Stocker R. , and Ames B.N. 1988. Antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation in human blood plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 9748–9752.

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Menkes M.S. , Comstock G.W. , Vuilleumier J.P. , Helsing K.J. , Rider A.A. , and Brookmeyer R. 1986. Serum beta-carotene, vitamins A and E, selenium, and the risk of lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 315: 1250–1254.

Murphy S.P. , Subar A.F. , and Block G. 1990. Vitamin E intakes and sources in the United States. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52: 361–367.

National Center for Health Statistics 1981. Plan and Operation of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976-80. DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 81-1317, Hyattsville, MD.

National Center for Health Statistics, M.D. Carroll S. Abraham. , and Dresser C.M. 1983. Dietary Intake Source Data: United States, 1976-80. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11-No.231. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 83-1681, Hyattsville, MD.

National Center for Health Statistics, Fulwood R. , Johnson C.L. , and Bryner J.D. 1982. Hematological and nutritional biochemistry reference data for persons 6 months-74 years of age: United States, 1976-80. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11-No.232. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 83-1682. Public Health Service, Washington, D.C.

Peto R. , Doll R. , Buckley J.D. , and Sporn M.B. 1981. Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature 290: 201–208.

Subar A.F. , and Block G. 1990. Use of vitamin and mineral supplements: Demographics and amounts of nutrients consumed. The 1987 Health Interview Survey. Am. J. Epidemiol. 132: 1091–1101.

United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Information Service, 1988. Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. Women 19-50 and Their Children 1-5 Years, 4 Days. NFCS, CSFII 86-3, Washington, D.C.

Ziegler R.G. 1989. A review of epidemiologic evidence that carotenoids reduce the risk of cancer. J. Nutr. 119: 116–122.