Report of the sixth Nordic Family Health and Care Conference 2024: Sharing Interdisciplinary Work to Improve the Health and Well-Being of Families

Abstract

June 17–20, 2024

Odense, Denmark

The sixth Nordic Family Health & Care Conference (NFHC24) took place from May 21 to May 23, 2024, and attracted 96 participants from 12 countries to Odense, Denmark (see Table 1). Denmark presented itself beautifully with stunning spring weather. We enjoyed the cultural side of Odense with river cruise, social dinner at the street food place Storms Pakhus, and gala dinner at Odense Harbor, Restaurant Nordatlanten. The gala dinner was enriched with musical performance by the local Rockabilly Band.

Table 1.

Country Count of NFHC24. Participants (N = 96) From 12 Countries.

Country	Participants
Australia	2
Canada	4
Denmark	72
Estonia	1
Iceland	4
Ireland	2
Netherlands	1
Spain	1
Sweden	1
Switzerland	2
United Kingdom	3
United States of America	3
Total	96

In this report, we offer an overall impression of the inspiring NFHC24 presentations related to sharing interdisciplinary work to improve the health and well-being of families.

The History of the Conference

For the first time, the conference was interdisciplinary building on five former Nordic Family Nursing conferences. The history of the conference was that the first in 2002, the second in 2006, and the third in 2010 were all held in Kalmar, Sweden. The fourth was held in Odense, Denmark in 2014, and the fifth in Tampere, Finland, in 2018. The sixth conference was planned in Stavanger, Norway, in 2020 but canceled due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We decided that the conference should be revived.

The NFHC24 was organized by FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center (https://www.sdu.dk/en/forskning/face) and The Danish Family Nursing Association (Dansk Selskab for Familiesygepleje—https://familiesygepleje.dk/), and practically executed by a very active scientific council.

The sixth Nordic Family Health and Care Conference

As the host of the NFHC24, Professor Karin B. Dieperink welcomed the attendees to 3 days filled with opportunities to engage and learn in six preconference workshops, four keynote presentations, 48 oral presentations, and 28 posters. The conference theme, “Sharing Interdisciplinary Work to Improve the Health and Well-being of Families,” focused on engaging interdisciplinary researchers, educators, and practitioners in a discussion of global concepts, trends, and issues facing families. The framework for the conference was established during the first pre-conference workshop “Family Health: What Concepts Are We Talking About?” by an abstract from the Fame-RN Group from Europe consisting of Karin B. Dieperink (Denmark), Marie Louise Luttik (the Netherlands), Birte Østergaard (Denmark), Hanne Konradsen (Denmark), Erla Kolbrún Svavarsdóttir (Iceland), Anne Brødsgaard (Denmark), Cristina García-Vivar (Spain), Romy Mahrer-Imhof and Lorenz Imhof (Switzerland). The key concepts presented were: Family health, Family functioning, Family support, Caregiver burden, Caregiver stress, and Social support (see Table 2).

Table 2.

Overview of Key Concepts Related to Family Health and Care.

Concept	Definition	Selected measurements
Family health (Karin B. Dieperink)	Family health is a resource at the level of the family unit that develops from the intersection of the health of each family member, their interactions and capacities, as well as the family’s physical, social, emotional, economic, and medical resources. Family health is more than the sum of its parts. Positive family health promotes family numbers’ sense of belonging and capacity to develop and adapt, to care for one another, and to meet responsibilites (Weiss-Laxer et al., 2020).	The Family Health Scale (Crandall et al., 2020)
Family functioning (Marie L. Luttik)	Family functioning covers the instrumental and expressive functioning, and includes communication (emotional, verbal, nonverbal, and circular), problem-solving, roles, influence and power, beliefs, and alliances and coalition in the family (Shajani & Snell, 2019).	McMaster Family Assessment Device/General Functioning (FAD-GF; Epstein et al., 1983) ICE-Expressive Family Functioning Questionnaire (ICE-EFFQ; Sveinbjarnardottir et al., 2012) Family Functioning, Family Health, Social Support (FAFHES; Astedt-Kurki et al., 2002) Feetham’s Family Functioning Scale (FFFS; Roberts & Feetham, 1982)
Family support (Birte Østergaard)	Family support can be defined as the process of interacting with others which is comprised of emotional and informational support, concrete support, affectionate support, and positive social interaction (Graven & Grant, 2014).	Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; Zimet et al., 1988) Received Support Scales (Roth et al., 2005)
Caregiver burden (Hanne Konradsen)	Caregiver burden is the level of multifaceted strain perceived by the caregiver from caring for a family member and/or loved one over time (Liu et al., 2020).	Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI; Zarit et al., 1980) Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI; Novak & Guest, 1989) Caregiver Strain Index (CSI; Robinson, 1983) Perceived Burden Scale (Yiengprugsawan, 2014)
Caregiver stress (Erla K. Svavarsdóttir)	Caregiver stress has been defined as the extent to which a person perceives caregiving and related situations as stressful (S. Cohen, 1988). Caregiving stress is an imbalance that arises from the mismatch between the perceived demands and the ability to meet them (Nolan et al., 1990).	Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale (KCSC; Hopkins et al., 2006). Relative Stress Scale (Greene et al., 1982) Perceived Stress Scale (S. Cohen, 1988) Caregiver Stress Scale (Pearlin et al., 1990) Stress-Related Growth Scale (Park et al., 1996) Stress-Related Growth Scale-shorter version (K. Cohen et al., 1998) Caregiver Stress Impact Questionnaire (Solberg et al., 2014) Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) Caregiving Demands (Svavarsdottir & McCubbin, 1996) Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995)
Social support (Anne Brødsgaard)	Social support refers to the resources, and assistance individuals receive from their networks in times of need or stress. This support can be emotional, instrumental (practical assistance), informational, or appraisal-based (feedback on one’s appraisal or worth; Drageset, 2021).	Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; Zimet et al., 1988) Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ; Sarason et al., 1983) Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL; S. Cohen & Hoberman, 1983) Duke Social Support Index (DSSI; Landerman et al., 1989) Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS; Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991) Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS; Schwarzer & Schulz, 2003) Family APGAR Questionnaire (adapted to measure perceived family support; Smilkstein, 1978)

Involvement and Support of Family in Health and Care

Implementation of a family-focused approach in care and research was given attention at the NFHC24. Starting at the preconference, Dr. Barbara Voltelen, Dr. Pernille Friis Rønne, and Dr. Anne Dichmann Sorknæs (Denmark) presented a workshop entitled “How Does Involvement of the Family Systems in Brief Encounters Become a Part of Everyday Clinical Practice?” The workshop offered knowledge on the perspective of family systems and highlighted the importance of incorporating the family-centered approach in the treatment of serious health conditions. The aim of the workshop was to equip participants with resources before entering the conference with key areas such as families affected by cancer, neonatology, pediatrics, and cardiac arrest or other life-threatening illnesses, as well as methods to reduce suffering in relation to grief and loss.

The preconference workshops, “Nuts & bolts of how health care teams can support families when a mum or dad of dependent children is at end of life” by professor Cherith Semple and Dr. Jeffrey Hanna (Ireland) and “Family Health Conversations and Therapeutic Questioning Theory and Practice” by Dr. Barbara Voltelen (Denmark) and Dr. Marie Louise Luttik (the Netherlands) offered a cohesive learning experience for health care professionals. The first workshop provided practical strategies for supporting families facing end-of-life situations, while the latter delved into the theoretical and practical aspects of engaging in meaningful health conversations. Together, they equipped attendees with a comprehensive skill set to effectively communicate and support families during critical times.

The preconference workshops, “Implementing the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model for Dyadic Data Analysis in family health research” by Dr. Mahdi Shamali (Denmark) and “Using Co-design to develop resources for the family with the family” by Dr. Elisabeth Coyne and Dr. Hazel Rands (Australia) emphasized advancing research methodologies in family health. The first workshop introduced a sophisticated analytical model to explore interdependent relationships within families, enhancing the precision of dyadic data analysis. The second workshop focused on co-design methodologies, fostering collaborative research that actively involves families in creating relevant health resources. Co-design, building from participatory design, is a trending method used by multiple research projects presented at the conference. Together, these workshops provided researchers with innovative tools to deepen their understanding and engagement with family health dynamics.

Keynote Speakers

Weaving practice, research, and education into caring for families can extend what is already known about family-focused approaches in health and care. The four excellent keynote speakers were interdisciplinary examples of this kind of integration. Each keynote speaker had a solid grounding in the work with families and family-focused approach in clinical practice and research. Dr. John S. Rolland (USA) offered the opening keynote speech and enlightened us about his work: “Serious Illness and Disability: A Multisystemic Family Approach.” From Professor in psychology Urdur Njarövik (Iceland), we learned about the role of family routines and emotion regulation in child behavior problems. The focus on families with children was reiterated by the third keynote speaker Professor RN Anne Brødsgaard (Denmark) illuminated with her keynote speech “Dad matters—a lot” revolving around the importance of the perspective of the fathers to neonatal children. In the last keynote speech, Associate Professor RN Elisabeth Coyne (Australia) had us all reflect on how we communicate and educate patients and families with an emphasis on health literacy with her presentation: “Weaving education into communication.”

Trends in Family Health and Care

Many of the projects presented during concurrent oral sessions and poster sessions argued the need for an interdisciplinary family-focused approach in clinical practice, education, and research across multiple settings. Emphasis was placed on the growing knowledge of implementing family-focused care, particularly in families with children, and in the care of conditions such as diabetes, cardiac arrest, and cancer, across various life phases. Both perspectives on knowledge translation during health care education and patient/family education were presented, with a greater emphasis on health literacy. Education in family-focused approach during health care education is evolving, giving health care students time to train their competences during education.

The conference gave room for presentations about current research projects regarding family-focused strategic practice and family-centered care, as well as inspiration for new research projects. As family caregivers become more present in patient care, there will prospectively be an increasing focus on a family-centered approach in clinical practice, education, research, and policy.

NFHC24 Awards

As an exciting initiative, all posters were presented during four poster walks with seven posters per walk (a total of 28 posters). Here, the presenters had the opportunity to pitch their project with a 2-min oral presentation. Each poster walk had two chairs who evaluated the poster and the pitch as a combined presentation. Among the assessments from the poster walks, one poster was voted to have deserved the Chairs Award for best poster. The Chairs Award went to MScN Helene Vasegaard Pedersen (Co-authors: MScN Anne Møller Clausen, PhD candidate Maiken Langhoff Kidholm, and Professor Karin B. Dieperink) on her visually informative poster “Young Adult Siblings and Cancer: A Scoping Review Exploring Psychosocial Functioning and Interventions.” Furthermore, a Public Award for best poster chosen by the participants at the conference was rewarded to MScN Jeannett Klitgaard (Co-authors: Professor Hanne Agerskov, and Postdoc Jette Marcussen) on her exciting poster “Development of family-centered interventions to support patients who are receiving hemodialysis.”

Networking and Research Collaboration

The NFHC24 provided rich opportunities for networking and active participation during the conference and social events. As the NFHC24 was an interdisciplinary conference, one of the objectives for the NFHC24 was to focus on promoting partnerships among interdisciplinary researchers to provide opportunities for in-depth discussion and further research on issues related to family health and care. The following professions were presented: practitioners, researchers, and educators from diverse disciplines, that is, nurses, physiotherapists, psychologists, occupational therapists, midwives, language teaching, and health promotion. Furthermore, we had participation from two patient representatives providing a valuable perspective to the discussions, and highlighting how patients can be included in the research process. Topics for future research were discussed, and research collaboration around specific populations, methods, frameworks, or settings was encouraged.

Professor Karin B. Dieperink (Denmark), host of NFHC24 and head of FaCe—Family focused health care research Center, suggested the establishment of a new network the Nordic Family Health & Care Network. The initiative was well met by the participants at the conference, and decisions were made to proceed with the establishment of such network. The network will be interdisciplinary to support the establishment of collaborations, research, knowledge dissemination, and education across multiple professions.

Conclusions

The sixth NFHC turned out to be very successful. Changing the conference from single-disciplinary to interdisciplinary turned out to be the right decision. Despite this change, there was still significant representation from the nursing field.

The future is bright for family health. We are eagerly looking forward to the next Nordic Family Health & Care Conference, which will be held at University of Bergen, Norway, May 22 to May 24, 2028.

Footnotes

Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the participants joining this conference. Their engagement in the presentations, discussions, and networking made this conference truly magical and inspiring; members of FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center and the academic council for their dedicated efforts to create an unforgettable NFHC24 experience; the Danish Family Nursing Association for supporting the conference; Anne Møller Clausen and Karin B. Dieperink for all their hard work before, during, and after the NFHC24; the student helpers: Sólja Thomina Petersen, Katherine Maj Brænder Nielsen, Emma Sandberg Nautrup, and Hanna Shkarupa for set-up, IT, and all the practical help during the conference days.

Author Biographies

C. S. Rothausen is a PhD student at the department of oncology at Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. She has a background as a nurse in cancer care and geriatrics and has a master of science in nursing. She is a member of the steering group of FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center. Her research focuses on patient and caregiver education on cancer immunotherapy.

A. M. Clausen is a clinical nurse specialist in hematology at Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. She is a board member of the Danish Family Nursing Association and a member of the steering group of FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center.

H. Agerskov is professor in nephrology care at Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She is vice-president of the Danish Family Nursing Association and member of the steering group of FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center.

D. Bekker-Jensen is a PhD student in the Cardiovascular Research Unit at Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, with a background as an intensive care nurse. Her research focuses on cardiac arrest survivors and their relatives, examining mental health and quality of life within the family context.

L. Birkelund holds an MA in English and Nordic Languages and Literature and is a PhD candidate at Odense University Hospital and the Research Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark. Her research focuses on language barriers during cancer communication from the perspectives of patients, families, and professionals.

M. L. Kidholm is a PhD student at the Research Unit of General Practice at University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She has a background as a nurse in cancer care and has a master in health science. In her PhD project, she is investigating family life in the context of parental cancer. The PhD project is affiliated with FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center.

L. Kvorning holds a PhD in public health science and is involved as a researcher in a project evaluating conversations with families at the department of oncology at Odense University Hospital.

J. Marcussen is a member of the steering committee of family nursing. She is an associate professor in loss, grief, and wellbeing at Research Unit OPEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, and the head of nursing research at department of dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark. Jette has been working with research and education for several years. She is particularly interested in developing interventions targeted families experiences of loss and grief throughout chronic and critical illness.

H. S. Poulsen is a PhD student in the HC, Andersen Children Hospital, HCA and Geriatric Research Units, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She has a background as a pediatric occupational therapist. Her research focuses on promoting hand function in infant in families having an infant with or at risk of cerebral palsy.

A. D. Sorknæs is an associated professor at Odense University Hospital, Svendborg Hospital, Medical & Emergency department M/FAM, Svendborg, Denmark, and the University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She is a member and the treasurer of the Danish Family Nursing Association. She has taught and worked with the implementation of Family Nursing on her own and others’ wards since 2013.

S. S. Voetmann is a PhD student at the Research Unit of General Practice at University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She has a clinical background as a midwife and is MSc in health science. In her PhD she is exploring existential dimension of life in children and young people with a close family member in palliative care. The PhD is affiliated with FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center.

B. Voltelen, RN, MHSc, PHD, is a senior lecturer at the department of nursing education, University College Lillebaelt in Vejle, Denmark. Her clinical and research interests include family systems nursing, family nursing education, and knowledge translation of family nursing knowledge to practice settings nationally and internationally. She is a member of the Danish Family Nursing Association. She has taught and worked with the implementation of Family Nursing in different settings, especially in the nursing undergraduate education since 2012.

K. B. Dieperink is professor in cancer and family care at department of oncology at Odense, University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. She is the Chair of the Danish Family Nursing Association and Head of FaCe—Family focused Healthcare Research Center.

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