Type 2 diabetes is increasingly common and a significant proportion of individuals are undiagnosed. Around 15—20% of the adult population have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and are at an increased risk of subsequently developing diabetes.
There is a wealth of information regarding the practicalities of various methods of screening for diabetes, and to a lesser extent for IGT. For diabetes screening a targeted approach is preferred. A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) if FPG is between 5.5—6.9 mmol/L is recommended. In detecting pre-diabetes (IGT or IFG) risk factor questionnaires and risk scores are the preferred option but these require further evaluation.
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