SVU-CME Test Questions

Two factors that contribute to the increased rate of end stage renal disease in the U.S. are the higher incidence of type 2 diabetes, commonly associated with obesity, and the longer life expectancy when compared to other countries.

Patients with diabetes mellitus are predisposed to developing diabetic neuropathy that accounts for what percent of new patients on renal replacement therapy annually?

The incidence of end stage renal disease in people greater than years of age exceeds 1200 per million in the United States?

The quality of life and overall outcomes for hemodialysis patients could be improved significantly by achieving two goals. The first goal is to increase the placement of native arteriovenous fistulae. The second is to detect access dysfunction prior to irreversible complications and failure.

When considering patients for a PAVF, there were often factors that made this a non-viable option. In some diabetic and/or elderly patients which of the following was a limiting factor?

Where in the non-dominant arm is the surgeon's first choice for a primary AV fistula?

The presence of multiple small mid-arm venous collaterals around the main cephalic vein is an indicator of and rules out the option of a native fistula with the cephalic veins?

The depth and diameter of the intended vein are crucial factors when formulating a surgical plan. Ideally, the distance from the skin surface to the center of the vein lumen should not exceed how many millimeters?

Radial artery diameter must be greater than in order to be used in the creation of an AVF?

Once an AVF or AVG is created, continued monitoring is not necessary?

Isolated dissection of the Superior Mesenteric Artery is a rare and often fatal condition.

Intimal injury usually begins in the first cm of the SMA?

Which of the following risk factors are frequently associated with SMA dissection?

SMA dissection has a strong male predominance with the average age at the time of onset being what?

Three main clinical symptom patterns have been described in the literature for SMA dissection. The first is acute or diffuse epigastric pain of abrupt onset; the second is chronic intestinal angina; which of the following is also a symptom?

Early diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia is crucial in preventing bowel necrosis, mesenteric infarction and what?

Of the following modalities, which are the primary diagnostic techniques for patients with suspected mesenteric insufficiency?

When using duplex ultrasound on the mesenteric vessels, the technologist should give special attention to the morphology of the SMA by gray scale technique in both transverse and longitudinal views, noting any dilatation of the artery.

In this study, the false lumen in the SMA revealed what type of flow?

Which of the following dissections is the most common in the digestive tract?

Superficial venous thrombosis occurs in what percent of the population?

Of the 50 patients in this study, how many with GSV thrombus developed a PE?

It is important to determine the status of an SVT but even more important is the characteristics of the thrombus.

Of the following types of thrombus, which is spongy with dark material attached to bright dense material?

With an acute thrombus collateral vessels are usually established in what time frame?

In a transverse view, a homogenous brightly echoic ring that is uniform throughout the entire vessel wall is known as what?

A wagging tail thrombus is considered the most dangerous because of its risk of embolization.

To determine if a thrombus is floating, obtain a _______ view with color Doppler of the vessel lumen to visualize the circular flow around the thrombus?

Thrombosis which has a hyperechoic contour and homogenous structure does not have as significant of a chance of embologenicity as a free floating thrombus.

Thrombus that is distinguished by the fact that no movement can be seen with respirations is known as what?