Type 2 Diabetes Risk Reduction in Overweight and Obese Adults Through Multidisciplinary Group Sessions: Effects of Meeting Attendance

Abstract

This study evaluated the importance of attendance in a commercial weight loss program for type 2 diabetes risk reduction in normoglycemic men (n = 8) and women (n = 53) aged 25 to 50 years (38.7 ± 6.0 years), with a body mass index (BMI) of 27 to 35 kg/m² (31.6 ± 2.3 kg/m²). The single-group 24-week intervention consisted of food, activity, and behavior modification plans within weekly meetings. Weight, waist circumference, meeting attendance, and glucose handling were measured before and after. Relationships between meeting attendance and outcomes were analyzed via Pearson correlation. Quartiles for meeting attendance were calculated (quartile 1: 30.0% ± 10.4%; quartile 2: 52.1% ± 5.8%; quartile 3: 65.5% ± 3.8%; quartile 4: 82.4% ± 4.6%), and between-group differences were assessed via 1-way analysis of variance. Meeting attendance was correlated with decreases in weight, BMI, and waist circumference (r = 0.476, 0.492, and 0.455; P = .002, .001, and .003, respectively). Quartile 1 lost significantly less weight than quartile 4 (—1.0 ± 3.5 kg vs —6.70 ± 3.58 kg). In quartiles 3 and 4, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR decreased (both P < .05), but not in quartiles 1 and 2. Fasting glucose decreased in all groups (P < .001), and glucose AUC decreased in quartiles 2, 3, and 4 (P < .001). Commercially available programs with weekly group meetings can be effective in reducing type 2 diabetes risk for overweight and obese adults, but attendance is critical.

Keywords

compliance commercial weight loss program diabetes prevention insulin resistance prediabetes

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