Abstract
The use of plant genetic diversity is essential for ensuring an adequate and stable supply of diverse food crops as well as for enhancing their nutritional quality. The role of effective conservation, management, and use of plant genetic resources in ensuring the availability of a diverse range of nutritious food crops is recognized throughout the work of the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). Several research activities in the Institute's programme highlight how the diversity between and within food crop species is inextricably linked to the diversity of human cultural needs, preferences, and knowledge systems with respect to the management and use of plant genetic resources. The nutritional quality of food crops is among the major considerations that are important in both the improvement and conservation of genetic resources. Specific examples from IPGRI's work are used to illustrate these linkages.