Compositional Variations and Anthelmentic Activity of Essential Oils from Rhizomes of Different Wild Populations of Acorus Calamus L. and its Major Component,β-Asarone

Hydro-distilled essential oils from Acorus calamus rhizomes collected from six different geographical zones in the northwest Himalayan region of Uttarakhand have been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. All the oils differed in their qualitative and quantitative make up, although β-asarone was the major constituent of all of them. The essential oils and the isolated β-asarone were screened for anthelmintic activity using contractility of Ascaridia galli. β-Asarone, in particular, showed potent activity with IC₅₀ values of 75.4 ± 61.8 ng/mL.