Biopolymer–clay nanocomposites for controlled drug delivery

Abstract

Polymer–clay nanocomposites have attracted great attention worldwide from both academic and industrial points of view. This review aims at reporting on very recent developments in types of polymer–clay nanocomposites, their constituents, synthetic routes, properties and their uses as carriers for drug delivery. This new family of composite materials frequently exhibits remarkable improvements of material properties when compared with the matrix polymers alone or conventional micro- and macrocomposites. Pharmaceutically, interesting improvements include increased mechanical and rheological properties, reduced drug permeability and water uptake and controlled release characteristics. On the basis of these properties, polymer–clay nanocomposites are extending their applicability to the design of new drug release dosage forms with highly specific technological and biopharmaceutical properties, such as swelling, film forming, bioadhesion, and cell uptake. Overall, there is an essential requirement directed towards a more comprehensive understanding of the supramolecular structure, drug loading and release mechanisms of these hybrid materials.

Keywords

BIOPOLYMER CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES DRUG DELIVERY

References

Chien

Y. W.

: in ‘Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology’, (ed. Swardbrick

and Boylan

J. C.

), Vol. 3, 281-313; 1990, New York, Marcel Dekker.

Ding

, Alani

A. W. G.

and Robinson

J. R.

: in ‘Remington: the science and practice of pharmacy’, 21st edn, (ed. Troy

D. B.

), Chap. 47, 939-964; 2002, Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Chien

Y. W.

and Lin

: in: ‘Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology’, 2nd edn, (ed. Swardbrick

and Boylan

J. C.

), Vol. 1, 811-833; 2002, Basel, Marcel Dekker.

Kibbe

A. H.

: ‘Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients’, 3rd edn; 2000, Washington, American Pharmaceutical Association.

USP 31 and NF 26: ‘United States Pharmacopoeia 31 and National Formulary 26’; 2008, Rockville, US Pharmacopoeial Convention.

EP 6.0: ‘European Pharmacopoeia’, 6th edn; 2008, Strasbourg, Directorate for the Quality of Medicines of the Council of Europe.

Aguzzi

, Cerezo

, Viseras

and Caramella

: Appl. Clay Set, 2007, 36, (1-3), 22–36.

Peppas

N. A.

: Int. J. Pharm., 2004, 277, (1-2), 11–17.

Nair

L. S.

and Laurencin

C. T.

: Frog. Polym. Sci., 2007, 32, (8-9), 762–798.

10.

Coviello

, Matricardi

, Marianecci

and Alhaique

: J. Control. Rel., 2007, 119, (1 and 14),5–24.

11.

Alexandre

and Dubois

: Mater. Sci. Eng., 2000, 28, 1–63.

12.

Schmidt

, Shah

and Giannelis

E. P.

: Curr. Opin. Solid St. Mater. Sci., 2002, 6, 205–212.

13.

Ray

S. S.

and Bousmina

: Frog. Mater. Sci., 2005, 50,962–1079.

14.

Giannelis

E. P.

: Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 29–35.

15.

Chen

J. S.

, Poliks

M. D.

, Ober

C. K.

, Zhang

, Wiesner

and Giannelis

E. P.

: Polymer, 2002, 43, 4895–904.

16.

Viseras

M. T.

, Aguzzi

, Cerezo

, Viseras

and Valenzuela

: Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 2008, 108, (1-3), 112–116.

17.

Browne

J. E.

, Feldkamp

J. R.

, White

J. L.

and Hem

S. L.

: J. Pharm. Sci., 1980, 69, (7), 816–823.

18.

Lagaly

: Appl. Clay Sci., 2001, 18, 205–209.

19.

Tolls

: Environ. Sci. Technot, 2001, 35, (17), 3397–3406.

20.

Zhang

, Zou

, Guo

and Duan

: J. Solid State Chem., 2006, 179, 1792–1801.

21.

Carja

, Niiyama

, Ciobanu

and Aida

: Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2007, C27, (5-8),1129–1132.

22.

Del Hoyo

: Appl. Clay Sci., 2007, 36, (1-3), 103–121.

23.

, Xing

, Wang

and Cao

: Appl. Clay Sci., 2008, 40, 72–80.

24.

Jung

, Kim

, Choy

Y. B.

, Hwang

and Choy

: Int. J. Pharm., 2008, 349, 283–290.

25.

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2008, 60, (2), 184–198.

26.

Thombre

A. G.

and Cardinal

J. R.

: in ‘Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology’, (ed. Swardbrick

and Boylan

J. C.

), Vol. 2, 61-88; 1990, New York, Marcel Dekker.

27.

Chawla

J. S.

and Amiji

M. M.

: Int. J. Pharm., 2002, 249, (1-2), 127–138.

28.

Pohlmann

A. R.

, Weiss

, Mertins

, da Silveira

N. P.

and Guterres

S. S.

: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2002, 16, (4-5), 305–312.

29.

Damgé

, Maincent

and Ubrich

: J. Control. Rel., 2007, 117, (2), 163–170.

30.

Vasir

J. K.

and Labhasetwar

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2007,59, (8), 718–728.

31.

Lee

K. Y.

and Yuk

S. H.

: Frog. Polym. Sci., 2007, 32, (7), 669–697.

32.

Chang

J. H.

, Ana

Y. U.

, Choa

and Giannelis

E. P.

: Polymer, 2003, 44, 3715–3720.

33.

Cypes

S. H. W.

, Saltzman

, Giannelis

E. P.

: J. Control. Rel., 2003, 90, 163–169.

34.

Kiersnowski

and Piglowski

: Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40, 1199–1207.

35.

Wang

, Chen

and Tong

: J. Polym. Sci. Fol. Chem., 2006, 44, 686–696.

36.

and Wu

: Polym. Degrad. Stabil, 2006, 91, 2198–2204.

37.

Giinister

, Pestreli

, Unlit

C. H.

, Alict

and Rao

N. G.

: Carbohyd. Polym., 2007, 67, (3), 358–365.

38.

Perez

C. J.

, Alvarez

V. A.

and Vazquez

: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2008, 480, 259–265.

39.

Rao

Y. Q.

: Polymer, 2007, 48, 5369–5375.

40.

Chang

M. Y.

and Juang

R. S.

: Process Biochem., 2004, 39, 1087–1091.

41.

Chang

M. Y.

and Juang

R. S.

: Biochem. Eng. 1, 2007, 35, 93–98.

42.

Chang

M. Y.

, Kao

H. C.

and Juang

R. S.

: Int. J. Biol. Macromol, 2008, 43, 48–53.

43.

Zheng

J. P.

, Wang

C. Z.

, Wang

X. X.

, Wang

H. Y.

, Zhuang

and De Yao

: React. Funct. Polym., 2007, 67, 780–788.

44.

Annabi-Bergaya

: Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 2008, 107, (1-2), 141–148.

45.

Blumstein

: J. Polym. Sci. A, 1965, 3A, 2665–2673.

46.

Messersmith

P. B.

and Giannelis

E. P.

: J. Polym. Sci. Fol. Chem., 1995, 33, 1047–1057.

47.

Usuki

, Kawasumi

, Kojima

, Okada

, Kurauchi

and Kamigaito

: J. Mater. Res., 1993, 8, 1174–1184.

48.

Aranda

and Ruiz-Hitzky

: Chem. Mater., 1992, 4, 1395–1403.

49.

Vaia

R. A.

, Ishii

and Giannelis

E. P.

: Chem. Mater., 1993, 5, 1694–1696.

50.

Mangiacapra

, Gorrasi

, Sorrentino

and Vittoria

: Carbohyd. Polym., 2006, 64, 516–523.

51.

Odidi

and Odidi

: Int. Pat. Appl., 2007, WO 2007131357, 84.

52.

Greenblatt

, Hughes

and Whitman

D. W.

: Eur. Pat. Appl, 2004, EP1470823, 13.

53.

Lukham

P. F.

and Rossi

: Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 1999, 82, 43–92.

54.

and Pierre

A. C.

: Colloid Surf A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 1999, 155, 359–372.

55.

Abend

and Lagaly

: Appl. Clay Sci., 2000, 16, 201–227.

56.

Takahashi

, Yamada

, Kataoka

and Nagasaki

: J. Control. Rel., 2005, 107, 408–416.

57.

Bors

, Dultz

and Riebe

: Appl. Clay Set, 2000, 16, (1-2), 1–13.

58.

Riebe

, Bors

and Dultz

: J. Contam. Hydrol, 2001, 47, (2-4), 255–264.

59.

and Dultz

: Appl. Clay Sci., 2007, 36, 256–264.

60.

Nagasaki

, Takahashi

, Kataoka

and Yamada

: Int. Pat. Appl, WO 2005005548, 2005, 38.

61.

Lin

and Metters

A. T.

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2006, 58, 1379-1408.

62.

Peppas

N. A.

and Khare

A. R.

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 1993, 11, 1–35.

63.

Messersmith

P. B.

and Znidarsich

: Proc. Materials Research Society Symposium on ‘Nanophase and nanocomposite materials’, Material Research Society, Dec 1996, Pittsburgh, USA, 1997, 507.

64.

Churochkina

N. A.

, Starodoubtsev

S. G.

and Khokhlov

A. R.

: Polym. Gels Networks, 1998, 6, 205–215.

65.

Lee

and Fu

: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2003, 89, 3652–3660.

66.

Lee

W.-F.

and Jou

: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 94, 74–82.

67.

Cypes

S. H.

, Saltzman

W. M.

and Giannelis

E. P.

: J. Control. Rel., 2003, 90, 163–169.

68.

Pongjanyakul

, Priprem

and Puttipipatkhachorn

: J. Control. Rel., 2005, 107, 343–356.

69.

Pongjanyakul

and Puttipipatkhachorn

: Int. J. Pharm., 2007, 333, 34–44.

70.

Pongjanyakul

and Puttipipatkhachorn

: Int. J. Pharm., 2008, 346, 1–9.

71.

Wang

, Du

, Luo

, Lin

and Kennedy

J. F.

: Carbohyd. Polym., 2007, 69, 41–49.

72.

Viseras

, Aguzzi

, Cerezo

and Lopez-Galindo

: Appl. Clay Sci, 2007, 36, 37–50.

73.

Pongjanyakul

, Priprem

and Puttipipatkhachorn

: J. Pharm. Pharmacol, 2005, 57, 429–434.

74.

Khunawattanakul

, Puttipipatkhachorn

, Rades

, Pongjanyakul

: Int. J. Pharm., 2008, 351, 227–235.

75.

Pongjanyakul

and Puttipipatkhachorn

: AAPS PharmSciTech, 2007,8, (3), Article 72. (www.aapspharmscitech.org).

76.

Brannon-Peppas

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 1993, 11, (1-2), 169–177.

77.

Helliwell

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 1993, 11, (3), 221–251.

78.

Gandhi

R. B.

and Robinson

J. R.

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 1994, 13, (1-2), 43–74.

79.

Miller

N. S.

, Chittchang

and Johnston

T. P.

: Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2005, 57, (11), 1666–1691.

80.

Sudhakar

, Kuotsu

and Bandyopadhyay

A. K.

: J. Control. Rel., 2006, 114, 15–40.

81.

Lee

and Chen

: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 91, 2934–2941.

82.

Dong

and Feng

S.-S.

: Biomaterials, 2005, 26, 6068–6076.

83.

Lavie

and Stotzky

: Appl. Environ. Microbiot, 1986, 51, 65–73.

84.

Puttipipatkhachorn

, Pongjanyakul

and Priprem

: Int. J. Pharm., 2005, 293, 51–62.

85.

and Mai

: Compos. Sci. Technol., 2007, 67, 2895–2902.

86.

Nielsen

L. E.

: J. Macromot Sci. Chem. A, 1967, 1A, (5), 929–942.

87.

Cussler

E. L.

, Hughes

S. E.

, Ward

W. J.

and Aris

: J. Membr. Sci., 1988, 38, (2), 161–174.

88.

Fredrickson

G. H.

and Bicerano

: J. Chem. Phys., 1999, 110, (4), 2181–2188.

89.

Beall

G. W.

: in ‘Polymer-clay nanocomposites’, (ed. Pinnavaia

T. J.

and Beall

G. W.

), 267-279; 2000, Chichester, John Wiley and Sons.

90.

Bharadwaj

R. K.

: Macromolecules, 2001, 34, (26), 9189–9192.

91.

Koo

C. M.

, Kim

S. K.

and Chung

I. J.

: Macromolecules, 2003, 36, (8), 2748–2757.