Abstract
This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, new indications, dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this information; however, if there are any questions, please let us know at
NEW DRUGS APPROVED BY THE US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA): OCTOBER 18 THROUGH DECEMBER 20, 2008
| Generic Name Brand Name (Company) | Comparative Agents | Indication | Mechanism of Action | Common Adverse Effects | Dosage Form and Strength | Package Insert |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fesoterodine fumarate Toviaz (Pfizer) | Tolterodine | Treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency | Competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist | Dry mouth, constipation, dry eyes, dysuria, urinary retention, cough, back pain, insomnia | Tablet 4 and 8 mg | http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2008/022030lbl.pdf |
| Lacosamide Vimpat (UCB, Inc.) | Anticonvulsants | Adjunctive therapy in patients 17 years of age and older; injection is indicated as short-term replacement when oral administration is not feasible in these patients | Selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyper-excitable neuronal membranes and inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing | Diplopia, headache, dizziness, nausea | Tablet 50, 100, 150, 200 mg; Injection 200 mg per 20 mL vial | http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2008/022253lbl.pdf |
| Mesalamine Apriso (Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) | Mesalamine | Maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis | Localized anti-inflammatory activity | Headache, diarrhea, upper abdominal pain, nausea | Capsule 375 mg | http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/20083/022301lbl.pdf |
| Rufinamide Banzel (Novartis Pharma AG) | Antiepileptics | Adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in adults and children 4 years of age and older | Modulation of the activity of sodium channels and, in particular, prolongation of the inactive state of the channel | Somnolence, vomiting, headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea | Tablet 200, 400 mg | http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2008/021911lbl.pdf |
NEW DOSAGE FORMS AND INDICATIONS APPROVED BY THE FDA: OCTOBER 18 THROUGH DECEMBER 20, 2008
| Generic Name | Brand Name (Company) | Indication/Comment |
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| Carbidopa/Levodopa/Entacapone | Stalevo (Novartis) | New dosage strengths: Stalevo 75 and 125 tablets (18.75 mg carbidopa, 75 mg levodopa, 200 mg entacapone and 31.25 mg carbidopa, 125 mg levodopa, 200 mg entacapone, respectively) |
| Levonorgestrel 0.1 mg/Ethinyl estradiol 0.02 mg | LoSEASONIQUE (Barr Pharmaceuticals) | Extended-cycle oral contraceptive for the prevention of pregnancy |
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| Bendamustine hydrochloride | Treanda (Cephalon) | Treatment of patients with indolent B-cell NHL that has progressed during or within 6 months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen |
| Conivaptan hydrochloride | Vaprisol (Astellas Pharma) | Treatment of both euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia in patients who are hospitalized |
| Conjugated estrogens | Premarin Vaginal Cream (Wyeth) | Treatment of moderate to severe postmenopausal dyspareunia (painful sexual intercourse); twice weekly dosing regimen |
| Insulin glulisine (rDNA origin) | Apidra (sanofi-aventis) | Treatment of diabetes mellitus in children 4 years of age and older |
| Ranolazine | Ranexa (CV Therapeutics) | Treatment of chronic angina Second-line restriction on use has been removed: indicated for the treatment of chronic angina and may be used alone or in combination with traditional therapies for chronic angina, such as beta-blockers; calcium channel blockers and nitrates; and common cardioprotective treatments for cardiovascular disease such as antiplatelet therapy, lipid-lowering therapy, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers |
| Somatropin (rDNA origin) | Norditropin (Novo Nordisk) | Treatment of short stature in children with bone SGA who have no catch-up growth by 2 to 4 years of age |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; NHL = non-Hodgkin lymphoma; SGA = small for gestational age.
AGENTS PENDING FDA APPROVAL: OCTOBER 18 THROUGH DECEMBER 20, 2008
| Generic Name | Brand Name (Company) | Indication/Comment |
|---|---|---|
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| Oritavancin | Telavancin (Targanta) | Treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections |
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| Artemether/Lumefantrine | (Novartis) | Treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum or mixed infections including P. falciparum |
| Besifloxacin | (Bausch & Lomb) | Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis |
| Bimatoprost | (Allergan) | Treatment of hypotrichosis of the eyelids |
| Febuxostat | Uloric (Takeda) | Treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with gout |
| Perflubutane polymer microspheres | Imagify (Acusphere) | Imaging agent indicated for patients with stable chest pain who are being evaluated for inducible ischemia for the detection of coronary artery disease based on assessment of myocardial perfusion and wall motion |
NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS FILED BY MANUFACTURER: OCTOBER 18 THROUGH DECEMBER 20, 2008
| Generic Name Brand Name (Company) | Comparative Agents | Indication | Mechanism of Action | Common Adverse Effects | Dosage Form | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bepotastine Bepreve (ISTA Pharmaceuticals) | Antihistamines | Treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis | Histamine 1 receptor antagonism | Burning or stinging of the eye | Ophthalmic solution | |
| Carisbamate Comfyde (Ortho-McNeil Neurologics) | Anticonvulsants | Adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 16 years of age and older | Unknown; modulation of neurotransmitter | Headache, dizziness, s somnolence | Oral | |
| Trabectedin (Ortho Biotech) | Chemotherapy | Treatment of women with relapsed ovarian cancer in combination with doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome injection | Tetrahydro-isoquinoline alkaloid; affects various transcription factors involved in cell proliferation | Neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased transaminases, fatigue | Injection | |
| Triptorelin pamoate Trelstar (Debipharm) | Triptorelin | Treatment of locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer | Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist | Headache, hot flashes, skeletal pain | Injection | Long-acting (6-month) injectable formulation |
SUPPLEMENTAL APPLICATIONS FILED BY MANUFACTURER: OCTOBER 18 THROUGH DECEMBER 20, 2008
| Generic Name | Brand Name (Company) | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Bevacizumab | Avastin (Genentech) | Treatment for glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer |
SIGNIFICANT LABELING CHANGES OR “DEAR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL” LETTERS RELATED TO SAFETY a
| Generic Name Brand Name (Company) | Warning | Web Site |
|---|---|---|
| Albuterol sulfate Proair HFA (Teva Specialty Pharmaceuticals LLC) |
NEW CONTRAINDICATION Rare cases of hypersensitivity reactions, including urticaria, angioedema, and rash. NEW WARNING AND PRECAUTION Hypokalemia. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Proair%20HFA_PI.pdf |
| Atazanavir sulfate Reyataz (Bristol-Myers Squibb) | WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Rash occurs in approximately 20% of patients; the median time to onset of rash was 7.1 weeks and the median duration of rash was 1.3 weeks; rashes were generally mild to moderate maculopapular skin eruptions; treatment with atazanavir was often continued without interruption in patients who developed rash, and less than 1% required discontinuation. | http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Reyataz_PI.pdf |
| Cetuximab Erbitux (ImClone Systems, Inc., and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company) |
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Infusion reactions: Serious infusion reactions requiring medical intervention and immediate, permanent discontinuation of the drug included rapid onset of airway obstruction, hypotension, shock, loss of consciousness, myocardial infarction, and/or cardiac arrest. Dermatology toxicity: Dermatologic toxicities occurred, including acneform rash, skin drying and fissuring, paronychial inflammation, infectious sequelae, and hypertrichosis. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Erbitux_PI.pdf |
| Epinephrine EpiPen Auto-Injector (Dey, L.P.) |
WARNINGS Administration: Injection into the buttock may not provide effective treatment of anaphylaxis; accidental injection into the digits, hands, or feet may result in loss of blood flow to the affected area; the presence of a sulfite in this product should not defer administration of the drug for treatment of serious allergic or other emergency situations, even if the patient is sensitive to sulfites; may precipitate or aggravate angina pectoris, as well as produce ventricular arrhythmias, following administration. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/EpiPen_PI.pdf |
| Erlotinib Tarceva (Genentech Biooncology/OSI Oncology) |
WARNINGS Patients with hepatic impairment: Treatment with erlotinib should be used with extra caution in patients with total bilirubin levels greater than 3 x ULN; patients with hepatic impairment (total bilirubin levels greater than ULN or Child-Pugh class A, B, and C) should be closely monitored during therapy; dosing should be interrupted or discontinued if changes in liver function are severe, such as doubling of total bilirubin levels and/or tripling of transaminase levels in the setting of pretreatment values outside normal range. Hepatotoxicity: Cases of hepatic failure and hepatorenal syndrome (including fatalities) have been reported. Renal failure: Cases of hepatorenal syndrome, acute renal failure (including fatalities), and renal insufficiency have been reported. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Tarceva_PI.pdf |
| Heparin sodium injection, USP (Various) |
WARNINGS Fatal medication errors: Do not use as a catheter lock flush product because of the high concentration; an error could result in fatal hemorrhages, especially in pediatric patients. HIT and HITT: Serious antibody-mediated reaction resulting from irreversible aggregation of platelets. Delayed onset of HIT and HITT: HIT and HITT can occur up to several weeks after the discontinuation of heparin therapy. Use in neonates: Confirm choice of the correct strength before administration of the drug. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Heparin_PreservativeFree_PI.pdf http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Heparin%20Inj_PI.pdf |
| Imatinib mesylate Gleevec (Novartis) |
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hepatotoxicity: When used in combination with chemotherapy, liver toxicity in the form of transaminase elevation and hyperbilirubinemia has been observed. Hemorrhage: From various sources (eg, any site, gastrointestinal, intratumoral). Hypothyroidism: Clinical cases of hypothyroidism have been reported in patients who have undergone thyroidectomy and who are undergoing levothyroxine replacement during treatment; TSH levels should be closely monitored in these patients. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Gleevec_PI.pdf |
| Norfloxacin Noroxin (Merck & Co., Inc.) |
Wording changes in the warning regarding hypersensitivity reactions. Addition of the following: Other serious and sometimes fatal events, some caused by hypersensitivity and some caused by uncertain etiology, have been reported rarely in patients receiving therapy with quinolones, including Noroxin; these events may be severe and generally occur following administration of multiple doses; clinical manifestations may include 1 or more of the following: Fever, rash, or severe dermatologic reactions (eg, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome) Vasculitis, arthralgia, myalgia, serum sickness Allergic pneumonitis Interstitial nephritis, acute renal insufficiency or failure Hepatitis, jaundice, acute hepatic necrosis or failure Anemia, including hemolytic and aplastic; thrombocytopenia, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; leukopenia; agranulocytosis; pancytopenia; and/or other hematologic abnormalities The drug should be discontinued immediately and supportive measures should be instituted at the first appearance of a skin rash, jaundice, or any other sign of hypersensitivity. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Noroxin_PI.pdf |
| Perindopril erbumine Aceon (Solvay Pharmaceuticals) | Updated class labeling regarding the effects of this drug class on fetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality; discontinuation is recommended as soon as possible in most patients. | http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Aceon_PI.pdf |
| Rituximab Rituxan (Genentech, Inc.) |
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS PML: JC virus infection resulting in PML and death can occur in patients who have hematologic malignancies or autoimmune diseases; most cases of PML were diagnosed within 12 months of the last infusion of rituximab. |
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Rituxan_PI_DearHCPLetter.pdf |
| Triamcinolone acetonide Nasacort AQ (sanofi-aventis) | WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Local nasal effects: Epistaxis, Candida infection, glaucoma and cataracts, immunosuppression. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis effects: Hypercorticism and adrenal suppression, effect on growth. | http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/Sep_PI/Nasacort%20AQ_PI.pdf |
Practitioners are encouraged to check the FDA's MedWatch Website (http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety.htm) for updated information; HIT = heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; HITT = heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis; JC = John Cunningham virus; PML = progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone; ULN = upper limit of normal.
