Association of the T54 allele of the FABP2 gene with cardiovascular risk factors in obese Mexican subjects

Abstract

Genetic predisposition to cardiovascular risk may vary between different ethnic groups. We studied the effect of the FABP2 A54T polymorphism on biochemical and anthropometric cardiovascular risk factors in 114 obese Mexican subjects. The mean age of the patients studied was 36.8±13.3 years. Insulin resistance was present in 47%, hypercholesterolaemia in 49% and hyper-triglyceridaemia in 45%.

Frequency of the FABP2 genotype was 39% AA, 54.8% AT and 6.2% TT. The AT/TT group showed an increase in body mass index (34±7.1 vs. 31±4.8 kg/m²), waist circumference (101±15.7 vs. 96.5±15.8 cm), triglycerides (145±60.8 vs. 127±79.4 mg/dL; 1.64±0.67 vs. 1.43±0.89 mmol/L), total cholesterol (176±39.4 vs. 164±38.2 mg/dL; 4.55±1.02 vs. 4.24±0.99 mmol/L), LDL (121±24.2 vs. 111±25.9 mg/dL; 3.13±0.62 vs. 2.88±0.67 mmol/L) and VLDL (28.8±12.1 vs. 25.1±16.1 mg/dL; 0.74±0.31 vs. 0.64±0.41 mmol/L) compared to the AA group (p<0.05). The AT/TT group had greatly increased cardiovascular risk, with an OR of 7.56 (95% CI, 1.82-36.24; p<0.001) compared to the AA group. Our results suggest that A54T polymorphism of the FABP2 gene is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in obese subjects.

Keywords

body mass index lipids cardiovascular disease obesity FABP2

References

1. Aguilar-Salina CA , Rojas R , Gómez-Pérez FJ et al. High prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Mexico. Arch Med Res 2004;35:76–81.

2. Sanchez-Castillo CP , Velasquez-Monroy O , Lara-Esqueda A et al. Diabetes and hypertension increases in a society with abdominal obesity: results of the Mexican National Health Survey 2000. Public Health Nutr 2005;8:53–60.

3. Tchernof A , Lamarche B , Prud'homme D et al. The dense LDL phenotype: association with plasma lipoprotein levels, visceral obesity, and hyperinsulinemia in men. Diabetes Care 1996;19:629–37.

4. Baier LJ , Sacchetini JC , Knowler WC. et al. An amino acid substitution in the human intestinal fatty acid binding protein is associated with increased fatty acid binding, increased fat oxidation and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 1995;95:1281–7.

5. Baier LJ , Bogardus C , Sacchettini JC. A polymorphism in the human intestinal fatty acid binding protein alters fatty-acid transport across Caco-2 cells. J Biol Chem 1996;271:10892–6.

6. Matthews DR , Hosker JP , Rudenski AS , Naylor BA , Treacher DF , Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985;28:412–19.

7. Salguero ML , Leon RE , Santos A , Roman S , Segura-Ortega JE , Panduro A. The role of FABP2 gene polymorphism in alcoholic cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2005;33:306–12.

8. Lillioja S , Mott DM , Spraul M. et al. Insulin resistance and insulin secretory dysfunction as precursors of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. N EnglJ Med 1993;329:1988–92.

9. Martin BC , Warram JH , Krolewski AS , Bergmam RN , Soeldner JS , Kahn CR. Role of glucose and insulin resistance in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of a 25-year follow-up study. Lancet 1992;340:925–9.

10.

10. Byrne CD , Wareham NJ , Brown DC. et al. Hypertriglyceridaemia in subjects with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance: relative contributions of insulin secretion, insulin resistance and suppression of plasma non-esterified fatty acids. Diabetologia 1994;37:889–96.

11.

11. Aguilar-Salinas CA , Olaiz G , Valles V. et al. High prevalence of low HDL cholesterol concentrations and mixed hyperlipidemia in a Mexican nationwide survey. J Lipid Res 2001;42:1298–307.

12.

12. Poulsen P , Vaag A , Kyvik K. et al. Genetic versus environmental aetiology of the metabolic syndrome among male and female twins. Diabetologia 2001;44:537–43.

13.

13. Hayakawa T , Nagai Y , Nohara E. et al. Variation of the fatty acid binding protein 2 gene is not associated with obesity and insulin resistance in Japanese subjects. Metabolism 1999;48:655–7.

14.

14. Pihiajameaki J , Rissanen J , Heikkinen S , Karjalainen L , Laakso M. Codon 54 polymorphism of the human intestinal fatty acid binding protein 2 gene is associated with dyslipidemias but not with insulin resistance in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:1039–44.

15.

15. Albala C , Santos JL , Cifuentes M. et al. Intestinal FABP2 A54T polymorphism: associations with insulin resistance and obesity in women. Obes Res 2004;12:340–5.