Effects of a Quaternary Derivative of Atropine,N-Benzyl Atropinium Chloride

Summary

Quaternization of atropine by the benzyl or phenacyl group∗ increases the lethality of the compound rather markedly; the resultant compounds have the antimuscarinic properties of their parent but to a lesser degree. They possess, in addition, a hypopneic and a potent, but brief, hypotensive action. The latter is especially marked in N-phenacyl atropinium bromide; it is not mediated through the carotid sinus or carotid body mechanisms or the vagal centers, but is largely peripheral in origin. N-benzyl atropinium chloride (NBA) prevents stimulation of striated muscle by acetylcholine and prevents transmission of excitation to the nictitating membrane from preganglionic fibers of the superior cervical ganglion; NBA has, therefore, antinicotinic properties which are lacking almost entirely in atropine.