Les sans-domicile constituent une population rare et difficile à joindre, mais en plus, son dénombrement est rendu plus difficile du fait de l'absence d'accord sur une définition, du point de vue de la référence temporelle et du lieu, de ce qui constitue une population sans domicile. Cet article passe en revue certaines méthodes employées pour dénombrer cette population et effectue une évaluation critique d'une méthode particulière, celle de =capture-recapture’. Les investigations conduites par l'auteur et ses collègues au Royaume-Uni sont utilisées pour illustrer les possibilités et les limitations de cette méthode.
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