Abstract
The Charity Organization Society, which became the Family Welfare Association in 1946, was turned from a philanthropic institution born in the nineteenth century into a useful social structure under the double influence of the Great War and the Radical Liberals' family ideology. The huge development of state intervention and the government's quest for general improvement in family life, in the name of imperialistic defense, national efficiency, and social harmony, entailed a symbiotic cooperation between private help and public care and illustrated the construction of a family ideal in Great Britain both by social policy makers and the voluntary movement.