Leiomyosarcoma of the Retrohepatic Vena Cava Treated by Excision and Reconstruction With an Aortic Homograft: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Leiomyosarcoma of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava is a rare entity and presents a number of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here such a case is presented in which the retrohepatic inferior vena cava was excised after full mobilization of the liver under venovenous bypass. The continuity of the vena cava was restored with cryopreserved aortic homograft. The technical details with regard to total vena caval clamping, venovenous bypass, hepatic inflow occlusion, techniques of reconstruction, including the use of cryopreserved aortic homograft, and a brief review of the literature on the surgical management of retrohepatic inferior vena caval tumors are discussed.