Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) exergames improved health and social participation among Black elders by safely increasing functional reach, heart rate, and energy levels. OTs will benefit from VR as a novel tool to promote productive aging.
Primary Author and Speaker: Madison E. Smith
Additional Authors and Speakers: Jade Nguyen, Riley M. Groves, Sawyer Hodgkins, Charles Hanks, Maureen Mickus
In the US, Black adults have the highest rate of physical inactivity and are the group least likely to meet the CDC guidelines of 150 minutes of exercise per week. Conversely, a lack of physical activity can result in health complications and have a deleterious effect on activities of daily living performance2. The purpose of this study is to test the potential of virtual reality (VR) exergame as an innovative approach for increasing physical activity and functional well-being among older Black individuals. Using a quasi-experimental design, 16 Black elders with a mean age of 74 years (SD=9) were recruited from a local senior center serving low-income individuals. While seated and in groups of four, the participants engaged in virtual cycling, skiing and running for six 20-minute sessions over a 3-week period. Outcomes measured included vital signs, functional reach, and self-reported energy, pain, and cybersickness. Results indicated significant improvement in energy levels (t(14) = 3.1, p <.01) and functional reach (t(14) = 2.35, p=-.02). In addition, heart rate levels significantly increased during each session indicating substantial effort and engagement in the VR exergames (t(14) =2.66, p <.01). Participants shared highly positive comments about the experience. Minimal symptoms of cybersickness were reported, and all participants could tolerate the VR headset for the allotted time. The use of VR exergames can be a safe, engaging, and novel approach for improving the physical health of a historically disadvantaged and often sedentary subgroup. Occupational therapists may use this off-the-shelf technology as a preparatory activity, therapeutic exercise, and a way to promote social participation among older adults.
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