Journal of Transcultural Nursing

Health literacy is crucial for understanding and acting on health information. Inadequate health literacy is associated with poor health outcomes, particularly in underserved groups like Hispanics.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study explored the relationship between health literacy, demographics, and adherence to preventive health behaviors among Hispanic adults in spring 2021. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling in Southern California. Data were collected using the Newest Vital Sign and a self-administered health survey, with path analysis assessing health literacy and adherence predictors.

Among 149 adults, the model explained 62% of the variance in health literacy and 56.1% in adherence. Higher education (β = .74) and speaking English at home (β = .25) were statistically significant predictors of greater health literacy, which was strongly associated with better adherence (β = .51). Employment status negatively affected adherence (β = −.28, p = .001).

Organizational resources, education, and language proficiency are crucial for enhancing health literacy and promoting preventive behaviors. Tailored bilingual programs and educational initiatives should be prioritized to address these disparities.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) non-adherence has been found increasingly prevalent in Thailand. The Islamic belief system is seldom utilized to support ART adherence. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility of an integrated Islamic-based intervention program to promote ART adherence among Muslim patients with HIV/AIDS and inconsistent ART adherence in southern Thailand.

An action research with a collaboration concept was utilized. In-depth interviews with ten patients and five health care providers were undertaken alongside participant observations. The program approaches were developed, comprising health education to address knowledge gaps and misunderstandings, motivation raising to strengthen patients’ resolve during lengthy drug-taking periods, practice-based workshops, including follow-up and phone-call visits.

A qualitative audit demonstrated an ART adherence improvement. Stakeholders’ satisfaction was expressed with the program components and activities.

Involving with Islamic doctrines could well support HIV-care services and increase patients’ motivation in their lifelong ART adherence.

Studies on resilience, social support, and coping in Arab Muslim countries for individuals with diabetes mellitus are limited. The study aimed to investigate these factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus in Oman.

This descriptive cross-sectional study examined resilience, social support, and coping levels in 212 adult patients with diabetes mellitus in three diabetic comprehensive centers using validated instruments.

The study found an average resilience score of 73.4 (0–100) and a mean social support level of 68.3 (0–100). Participants scored lower in emotional/informational support (M = 66.06, SD = 24.43) than in other support types. The overall mean coping level was 2.75 (1–4).

Findings indicated that Arab Muslim patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus exhibited moderate to acceptable levels of resilience, social support, and coping mechanisms. Further investigation is warranted to explore the interrelationships among these variables and their potential impact on diabetes outcomes.

Vietnamese Americans, a growing population in the United States, face unique challenges in managing diabetes due to cultural, social, and psychological factors. This study examined potential predictive for diabetes risk in Vietnamese Americans.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 304 Vietnamese American adults using validated PhenX-selected surveys and snowball sampling.

Older age (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 1.18), mental health concerns (AOR = 4.50), higher BMI (AOR = 1.61), family history of diabetes (AOR = 16.11), and hypertension (AOR = 18.65) were significant independent predictors of diabetes or high diabetes risk (p ≤ .05). Gender, health numeracy, disability, and various social factors were initially significant but became non-significant after adjustment, suggesting confounding effects.

Findings highlight the need for culturally tailored care for Vietnamese Americans with diabetes or high diabetes risk, focusing on body mass index as a modifiable predictor and other biological and health-related factors for focused targeting and disease management.

Saudi Arabia has a culturally diverse population that is rapidly expanding. Cultural competence is essential in pediatric units, where nurses work alongside parents to care for children.

A simple random sample of 132 nurses was assessed for cultural competence using the Cultural Competence Assessment (CCA) tool to evaluate the cultural competence (CC) of nurses in pediatric units in Saudi Arabia’s Northern Borders, examining demographic, cross-cultural, language, and organizational factors. Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) in Arar and Rafha cities. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to obtain means, standard deviations, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent sample t-tests.

The Moderate CC levels, with significant demographic differences in religion (p = .019) and education (p = .006). Cross-cultural factors influencing competence included cultural diversity (p <.001) and language differences (p = .002). Translation services were significant (p = .032), whereas organizational factors showed no differences.

Further studies are recommended, focusing on cultural orientation for nurses and policies to better meet patients’ cultural needs.

This study explores the experiences and needs of older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults in Thailand. Uncovering their unique challenges, needs, and the factors influencing their health and well-being is essential for policymaking and improving health care services.

A focused ethnographic approach was employed to explore the experiences and needs of 22 Thai older adults who self-identified as LGBT. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.

Six themes emerged: (1) understanding the lives of older LGBT adults; (2) social stigma, discrimination, and LGBT aging in Thai society; (3) influences of sociocultural and family acceptance; (4) LGBT relationships; (5) health and health care needs; and (6) envisioning a roadmap to aging with dignity and resilience.

The findings highlight the multifaceted lives of older LGBT adults in Thailand, shaped by complex intersections of identity, sociocultural contexts, and health. These insights underscore the importance of promoting social justice, equity, and dignity—regardless of age or gender identity.

Culturally safe practices are crucial for equitable health care for Indigenous Peoples. Despite the vital role of internationally qualified nurses in delivering patient care in the host countries, there is limited evidence on their knowledge and practices of cultural safety. This paper, aims to identify and map existing evidence on cultural safety knowledge and practices among internationally qualified nurses in Australia, New Zealand and Canada.

A scoping review was conducted using a comprehensive search strategy across five electronic databases and gray literature.

Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were grouped into two categories: knowledge on cultural safety and challenges in translating this knowledge into practice.

Our review highlights the scarcity of evidence in this area. The findings from the limited existing evidence underscore the urgent need to plan future research on knowledge and practices related to cultural safety among internationally qualified nurses to promote health outcomes for Indigenous Peoples.

The Latinx community is disproportionately impacted by social and structural inequities such as food insecurity and culturally and linguistically appropriate resources. To address a gap in culturally appropriate nutrition education with Latinx individuals among baccalaureate nursing students, a simulation learning experience (SLE) was developed.

The SLE was designed using best practice standards by faculty experts and reviewed by consultants. After the SLE, students and faculty provided feedback regarding simulation design and implementation.

Participants reported improved knowledge and confidence when providing culturally appropriate nutrition education and valued working with an interpreter.

This innovative strategy using simulation offers nurse educators a guide to teach cultural humility in nutrition education.

The relationship between cultural sensitivity and self-esteem among nurses in neonatal intensive care units is critical to job satisfaction and patient care quality.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2024 on 223 nurses in neonatal intensive care units. Data were collected using Intercultural Sensitivity Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.

The study found that nurses had a moderate level of cultural sensitivity (M = 78.3, SD = 9.4) and self-esteem (M = 24.8, SD = 1.0). A weak positive correlation was observed between cultural sensitivity and self-esteem (r = .26, p < .01). In addition, cultural sensitivity was found as a predictor of self-esteem (p < .05).

Findings highlight the positive relationship between cultural sensitivity and self-esteem among NICU nurses, suggesting that enhancing cultural sensitivity could improve self-esteem and job satisfaction.

The nurses in St. Kitts and Nevis, an independent island nation in the Caribbean, overcame oppression to implement strategic health reforms that significantly improved health outcomes. This research was conducted to gain a greater understanding of how this never-before-studied population of nurses from a historically marginalized community have overcome oppression to provide effective, culturally congruent care.

This research was conducted using interpretive phenomenological and historical methods. Forty-five in-depth interviews, observations, and analyses of out-of-print historical documents were collected on-site in St. Kitts and Nevis.

The research revealed significant themes regarding the impact of African heritage, history of oppression, gender roles, and the British System of Nursing on current nursing practices in St. Kitts and Nevis.

Findings from this study may provide insight into how nurses can provide more culturally congruent care among traditionally marginalized, diverse communities in geographically isolated low-resource communities.

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Compassion Motivation and Action Scales (CMAS).

The study had a methodological design and involved 433 participants aged 18 to 64. The translation validity of the CMAS was evaluated by 10 experts, and content validity indices were computed. The factor structure of the CMAS was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Pearson product-moment correlation was used to test convergent validity, and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s ω coefficients were used to test internal consistency and reliability.

Both the compassion and self-compassion scales of the CMAS showed excellent translational validity. CFA confirmed the three-factor structure of the compassion and self-compassion scales of the CMAS.

The CMAS has demonstrated good validity and reliability in adult individuals in Turkish society. The CMAS can be used to assess and follow up on compassionate action and motivation in adult individuals.

Nursing home websites are critical resources for older adults and their families in making care decisions. This study examines the content of Canadian and Korean nursing home websites, focusing on how these messages reflect each country’s distinct values.

A content analysis of 102 Canadian and 102 Korean nursing home websites was conducted, examining message valence, regulatory focus, cultural values, target audience, and beneficiaries.

Canadian websites emphasized positive, promotion-focused messages that highlighted individual choice, with more individualistic statements targeting residents and mentioning personal benefits. Korean websites used more negative, prevention-oriented messages that alluded to risks, collective responsibility, and family benefits. Despite these differences, both cultures showed a similar overall frequency of positive and promotion-focused messages.

These findings reveal culturally congruent messaging strategies that align with each country’s cultural norms, illustrating how nursing home websites use culturally specific messages to appeal to older adults and their families.